H C OH HsC CHa CH3 CHa (d) CH3 CHs HC CHg HO CHa Lutein (xanthophyll)
Sunlight reaching the earth Chlorophyll b Phycoerythrin B-Carotene Phycocyanin Lutein Chlorophyll a 300 400 500 600 700 800 Wavelength(nm)
Light 480-570nm 550-650nm Exciton transfer PE PE PC Ap AP Chlorophyll a reaction center Thylakoid membrane
(a) 100 80 60 0 20 0 400 500 600 700 Wavelength (nm) (b)