第10章方差分析( ANOVA Analysis of Variance
第10章 方差分析(ANOVA) Analysis of Variance
本章概要 The completely randomized model: One-Factor Analysis of Variance o F-Test for Difference in c Means n The Tukey-Kramer Procedure 口 ANOVA AsSumptions The factorial Design Model: Two-Way Analysis of Variance a Examine effect of factors and Interaction Kruksa-Wallis Rank Test for Differences in c Medians
• The Completely Randomized Model: One-Factor Analysis of Variance F-Test for Difference in c Means The Tukey-Kramer Procedure ANOVA Assumptions • The Factorial Design Model: Two-Way Analysis of Variance Examine Effect of Factors and Interaction • Kruksal-Wallis Rank Test for Differences in c Medians 本章概要
One-Factor Analysis of Variance 单因子方差分析 Evaluate the Difference Among the Means of 2 or More(c) Populations n e.g., Several Types of Tires, Oven Temperature Settings Assumptions: a Samples are Randomly and Independently Drawn (This condition must be met. a Populations are Normally distributed (F test is Robust to moderate departures from normality. n Populations have Equal Variances
One-Factor Analysis of Variance 单因子方差分析 • Evaluate the Difference Among the Means of 2 or More (c) Populations e.g., Several Types of Tires, Oven Temperature Settings • Assumptions: Samples are Randomly and Independently Drawn (This condition must be met.) Populations are Normally Distributed (F test is Robust to moderate departures from normality.) Populations have Equal Variances
多个独立样本均值的比较-单因素方差分析 1、资料类型 样本1样本2 样本k 11 12 lk XC 21 22 2k n22 Xu.k 注意,k个样本含量不必相等!!!
多个独立样本均值的比较--单因素方差分析 1、资料类型 样本1 样本2 …… 样本k 注意，k 个样本含量不必相等！！！ n n n k k k k x x x x x x x x x ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 1 2 2 1 2 2 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 2
2、总变异的分解…方差分析的关键!!! Xm=D∑∑x1/n,n=n1+n2+…+nk ∑ 1.2.k ∑∑(x1-Xm)21 ∑1n1(x1-Xa)2+21∑1(x1-X SS between + SS internal MS,= SS between /(k-1),MS=SS Interna (n-k) F=MSh/MS F(k-l,n-k)
2、总变异的分解……方差分析的关键！！！ / ~ ( 1, ) /( 1), /( ) ( ) ( ) [ ( ) ] [ ]/ , 1,2,..., ; [ ]/ , ... ; int int 1 1 2 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 2 1 1 F MS MS F k n k MS SS k MS SS n k SS SS n X X x X SS x X X x n j k X x n n n n n b i b between i ernal between ernal k j n i i j j k j j j total k j n i total i j total j n i j i j k k j n i total i j j j j j = − − = − = − + = − + − = − = = = + + + = = = = = = = =