Whatisitwhat wedo not know?Isitjustaboutentrepreneurship?Is it about being in the“right sector"?Whatisthepercentageofinnovativefirms?What are thedeterminants of innovative firms?Howdoinnovativefirmslook likein“non-innovative"sectors?What are the right data sourcesto analyze innovativefirms?.What is anappropriatetheoretical frameworkfortheanalysis?TechnischeUniversiteitTUEindhoven-UniversityofTechnologyPAGE5EconomicsofInnovation20139/12/2013
What is it what we do not know? • Is it just about entrepreneurship? • Is it about being in the “right sector”? • What is the percentage of innovative firms? • What are the determinants of innovative firms? • How do innovative firms look like in “noninnovative” sectors? • What are the right data sources to analyze innovative firms? • What is an appropriate theoretical framework for the analysis? Economics of Innovation 2013 9/12/2013 PAGE 5
Using CBS datato analyze innovationTechnische UniversiteitTUEindhoveneUniversity of Technology9/12/2013PAGE6EconomicsofInnovation2013
Using CBS data to analyze innovation Economics of Innovation 2013 9/12/2013 PAGE 6
QuestionsforresearchDifferentformstoexamineinnovativefirms:Interviewswithleadingmanagers(likeSirAlexFerguson)Building up owndatabases based on“paperclippings".Buyingadatabaseoninnovativefirms-Problem: Compatibility of data plus coverage of allsectorsIn1990s:IdeaatNationalStatisticalOfficesinEuropeandrest ofthe world:Let'saskmanagersandentrepreneursabouttheseissuesnationwideand maybeEuropean-wideTechnischeUniversiteitTUEindhovenUniversityofTechnologyPAGE7EconomicsofInnovation20139/12/2013
Questions for research • Different forms to examine innovative firms: • Interviews with leading managers (like Sir Alex Ferguson) • Building up own databases based on “paper clippings” • Buying a database on innovative firms − Problem: Compatibility of data plus coverage of all sectors • In 1990s: Idea at National Statistical Offices in Europe and rest of the world: • Let’s ask managers and entrepreneurs about these issues nationwide and maybe European-wide Economics of Innovation 2013 9/12/2013 PAGE 7
Community Innovation Survey(CiS)aal Bureau voordeStatistiekIn1980s>individualinnovationresearchindifferentEuropeancountriesSinceearly1990s>ComparableResearchonEuropeanLevelonInnovation(CiS-0)Since1996bi-annual>CIS-1(1992),CIS-2(1996),CIS-3(2001),CIS-4(2004),CIS5(2006),CIS-6(2008),CIS-7(2010),CIS-8(2012)Europe-widesurvey>alsoincountrieslikeSouthAfrica,Canada orNewZealandIntheNetherlands:coverscompanieswithmorethan10employees,intotal15.000"establishments"(independentfirmor part of multinational company)TechnischeUniversiteitTUEindhoven一University of Technologyda格iasofInnovation20138
Community Innovation Survey (CIS) • In 1980s > individual innovation research in different European countries • Since early 1990s > Comparable Research on European Level on Innovation (CIS - 0) • Since 1996 bi-annual > • CIS – 1 (1992), CIS -2 (1996), CIS – 3 (2001), CIS – 4 (2004), CIS - 5 (2006), CIS – 6 (2008), CIS – 7 (2010), CIS – 8 (2012) • Europe-wide survey > also in countries like South Africa, Canada or New Zealand • In the Netherlands: covers companies with more than 10 employees, in total 15.000 "establishments" (independent firm or part of multinational company) 9/12/2013 Economics of Innovation 2013 8
MeasuringinnovationsincompaniesSimple in reality morecomplexInnovative inputsInnovativeoutputs(e.g.Patents)(e.g.R&Dexpenditures)Technische UniversiteitTUEindhovenUniversity of Technology9/12/2013PAGE9EconomicsofInnovation2013
Measuring innovations in companies Innovative inputs Economics of Innovation 2013 9/12/2013 PAGE 9 Innovative outputs (e.g. R&D expenditures) (e.g. Patents)