Section IFundaments of MicrobiologyMacrobial GeneticsSHIHEZI UNIVERSITY
Section I Fundaments of Microbiology Macrobial Genetics SHIHEZI UNIVERSITY
KEY TERMSPhenotypeVirulent pahgeGenotypeTemperate phage PlasmidLysogenyBaceriophageLysogenic bacteriaMutationGeneralized transductionRecombinantSpecialized transductionHfr strainTransformationTransductionConjugationLysogenic conversionSHIHEZI UNIVERSITY
KEY TERMS Phenotype Genotype Plasmid Baceriophage Mutation Recombinant Transformation Transduction Conjugation Lysogenic conversion Virulent pahge Temperate phage Lysogeny Lysogenic bacteria Generalized transduction Specialized transduction Hfr strain SHIHEZI UNIVERSITY
GeneticsGeneticsdefines and analyzes heredity, or constancy and changein the physiologic properties of organisms.GeneThe unit of heredity, a segment of DNA that carriesgenetic information for a specific biochemical orphysiologic property Phenotypethe collective structural and physiologic propertiesofacell or an organism Genotypethe sequence ofDNA within a gene or the organizationof genesSHIHEZIUNIVERSITY
Genetics Genetics defines and analyzes heredity, or constancy and change in the physiologic properties of organisms. Gene The unit of heredity, a segment of DNA that carries genetic information for a specific biochemical or physiologic property Phenotype the collective structural and physiologic properties of a cell or an organism Genotype the sequence of DNA within a gene or the organization of genes SHIHEZI UNIVERSITY
Genetic Material in BatceriaChromosome (genome Plasmid Bactriophage (phage)Insert sequence (IS) / transposon (TnSHIHEZI UNIVERSITY
Genetic Material in Batceria Chromosome (genome) Plasmid Bactriophage (phage) Insert sequence (IS) / transposon (Tn) SHIHEZI UNIVERSITY
bacteriumplasmidbacterialchromosomeProkaryotic Genome Double-stranded, circular DNA1um Size: 580kb (mycoplasma) ~ 4,600kb (E. coli)Semi-conservative replication Pathogenecity island The pathogenic determinant genes are oftenclustered together in the DNA and are referred to aspathogenicity islands+Quite largeup to at least 200 kb+Code for many virulence genes, including adhesinsinvasins, exotoxins, and mobilizationSHIHEZI UNIVERSITY
Prokaryotic Genome Double-stranded, circular DNA Size: 580kb (mycoplasma) ~ 4,600kb (E. coli) Semi-conservative replication Pathogenecity island The pathogenic determinant genes are often clustered together in the DNA and are referred to as pathogenicity islands Quite large— up to at least 200 kb Code for many virulence genes, including adhesins, invasins, exotoxins, and mobilization SHIHEZI UNIVERSITY