这个公司散发的宣传材料强调了他们对环境的关心。AdvertisingAt this school we aim to cultivate the minds of all the children we teach.C)在这所学校里，我们旨在陶冶学生的心灵。developandimproved)Most ofthe land thereis too poor to cultivate.那里的大部分土地太贫，无法耕种。forgrowingcropse)She has a comprehensive grasp ofthe subject.她对该问题有全面的理解。f)Heis a controversial person他是一个很有争议的人。The shipping service has been suspended because of bad weather.g)因为天气恶劣，船运服务被暂停了。Stoph)Theyoungmanwasgivena suspended sentence.这个年轻人被判缓刑。i)Wesawsmokesuspended in the still air.我们看见悬浮在静空中的烟。hang sth.Upj)Shewassuspendedfromherjobshortlyaftertheincident.事故发生后不久，她就被开除了。sendsb.awayfromhis/herschool,job，position，etc.fora period of time, usu.asa punishmentfor doing sth.badk)The recent decline in the dollar has put a bigger strain on the economicsystem最近美元贬值给经济体系带来了更大的压力。1)The rope broke under the strain.绳被拉断了。拉紧，绷紧m):IDon't read in this light or you'll strain your eyes!不要在这种光线下看书，否则会损伤你的眼睛！hurtorweakenn)They strained the rope between the two posts.他们绷紧两根柱之间的绳子。0)She strained her ears and tried to hear what they were saying她竖起耳朵想听清他们在说些什么。usetothegreatestpossibledegree尽力使用，使紧张v.tShe strained against the ropes which tied herp)她使劲挣扎试图使捆在她身上的绳子松开。useallone'spower,energy,etc. (to do sth.)v.i.Ourteamgotbeaten inthepreliminaryrounds ofthecompetition.q)我队在预赛中被打败了。预备的，初步的r)There are a lot of preliminaries to begone through beforeyou can visitcertainforeigncountries在访问某些国家之前，你有许多准备工作要做。初步做法，准备工作Preparations for thequeen's visit are almost complete.s)女王访问的准备工作已基本完成。t)This disco is a magnet for young people.这种迪斯科舞厅对青年人很有吸引力。aperson or thingthat has apowerfulattractionu)Nothing will stop them in their quest for truth
这个公司散发的宣传材料强调了他们对环境的关心。Advertising c) At this school we aim to cultivate the minds of all the children we teach. 在这所学校里，我们旨在陶冶学生的心灵。develop and improve d) Most of the land there is too poor to cultivate. 那里的大部分土地太贫瘠，无法耕种。for growing crops e) She has a comprehensive grasp of the subject. 她对该问题有全面的理解。 f) He is a controversial person. 他是一个很有争议的人。 g) The shipping service has been suspended because of bad weather. 因为天气恶劣，船运服务被暂停了。Stop h) The young man was given a suspended sentence. 这个年轻人被判缓 刑。 i) We saw smoke suspended in the still air. 我们看见悬浮在静空中的烟。hang sth. Up j) She was suspended from her job shortly after the incident. 事故发生后 不久，她就被开除了。send sb. away from his/her school, job, position, etc. for a period of time, usu. as a punishment for doing sth. bad k) The recent decline in the dollar has put a bigger strain on the economic system. 最近美元贬值给经济体系带来了更大的压力。 l) The rope broke under the strain. 绳被拉断了。拉紧，绷紧 m) Don't read in this light or you'll strain your eyes! 不要在这种光线下看书，否则会损伤你的眼睛！hurt or weaken n) They strained the rope between the two posts. 他们绷紧两根柱之间的绳子。 o) She strained her ears and tried to hear what they were saying. 她竖起耳朵想听清他们在说些什么。use to the greatest possible degree 尽力使用，使紧张 v.t. p) She strained against the ropes which tied her. 她使劲挣扎试图使捆在她身上的绳子松开。use all one's power, energy, etc. (to do sth.)v.i. q) Our team got beaten in the preliminary rounds of the competition. 我队在预赛中被打败了。预备的，初步的 r) There are a lot of preliminaries to be gone through before you can visit certain foreign countries. 在访问某些国家之前，你有许多准备工作要做。初步做法，准备工作 s) Preparations for the queen's visit are almost complete. 女王访问的准备工作已基本完成。 t) This disco is a magnet for young people. 这种迪斯科舞厅对青年人很有吸引力。a person or thing that has a powerful attraction u) Nothing will stop them in their quest for truth
没有什么可以阻止他们对真理的探索。alongsearchfor sththatisdifficult tofindAs an artist I found him very dull and conventional - he's not preparedV)to try anything new我觉得他是一个非常乏味守旧的艺术家--他从不打算作新的尝试。w)The point in controversy isnotwhether we should do it, butwhether wecan do it.争论的焦点不是我们该不该做这件事，而是我们能不能做。x)A society'smorals changeslowly as time passes.随着时间的流逝，社会的道德规范也会慢慢发生变化。y)The moral of this story is that honesty is always the best policy这个故事的寓意是诚实总是上策。z)It's her moral duty to tell the police what she knows.把她所知道的告诉警察是她道义上的责任。aa)His first reaction was a strange mixture of joy and anger.他的第一反应很奇怪，又高兴又债怒。bb)AdmissiontoBritish universities dependsonexaminationresults英国大学的录取依考试成绩而定。cc)Theymadeadmissionthattheirnewspaperhadbeenfoolingthepublic他们承认自己的报纸一直在愚弄公众。dd) Compare:admittance:n. (fml.)being allowed to enter a place (esp.a private one);therightto enterThe journalist tried to gain admittance to the minister's office.记者力争获得进入部长办公室的权利。Noadmittance.禁止入内。ee)How can you managetodo it if you don't have a positive outlook?如果没有一个积极的观点，你怎么能做好这件事？f)The outlook for the company seems fairly bright.这个公司的前景似乎相当光明。gg) Dancers who attend the workshops find them very helpful.参加研讨会的舞蹈演员们觉得很有帮助。an occasionwhena groupofpeoplemeettodiscussa subject研讨会，讲习班hh)Aworkshop wasbuiltonhisestate.他的庄园里建了一个工场。车间，工场，作坊ii)The professor is giving a seminar tomorrow.这位教授明天将主持一个专题讨论会。anoccasionwhenateacherorexpertandagroupofpeoplemeettostudyand discusssth研讨会ji)They're expecting a large attendance at the meeting.他们希望有很多人出席大会。kk)Attendance at the lectures is necessary这些讲座是必须参加的。1I)Thenurse is in constant attendanceonthepatient
没有什么可以阻止他们对真理的探索。a long search for sth. that is difficult to find v) As an artist I found him very dull and conventional — he's not prepared to try anything new. 我觉得他是一个非常乏味守旧的艺术家-他从不打算作新的尝试。 w) The point in controversy is not whether we should do it, but whether we can do it. 争论的焦点不是我们该不该做这件事，而是我们能不能做。 x) A society's morals change slowly as time passes. 随着时间的流逝，社会的道德规范也会慢慢发生变化。 y) The moral of this story is that honesty is always the best policy. 这个故事的寓意是诚实总是上策。 z) It's her moral duty to tell the police what she knows. 把她所知道的告诉警察是她道义上的责任。 aa) His first reaction was a strange mixture of joy and anger. 他的第一反应很奇怪，又高兴又愤怒。 bb) Admission to British universities depends on examination results. 英国大学的录取依考试成绩而定。 cc) They made admission that their newspaper had been fooling the public. 他们承认自己的报纸一直在愚弄公众。 dd) Compare: admittance: n. (fml.) being allowed to enter a place (esp. a private one); the right to enter The journalist tried to gain admittance to the minister’s office. 记者力 争获得进入部长办公室的权利。 No admittance. 禁止入内。 ee) How can you manage to do it if you don't have a positive outlook? 如果没有一个积极的观点，你怎么能做好这件事？ ff) The outlook for the company seems fairly bright. 这个公司的前景似乎相当光明。 gg) Dancers who attend the workshops find them very helpful. 参加研讨会的舞蹈演员们觉得很有帮助。an occasion when a group of people meet to discuss a subject 研讨会，讲习班 hh) A workshop was built on his estate. 他的庄园里建了一个工场。车间，工场，作坊 ii) The professor is giving a seminar tomorrow. 这位教授明天将主持一个专题讨论会。an occasion when a teacher or expert and a group of people meet to study and discuss sth. 研讨会 jj) They're expecting a large attendance at the meeting. 他们希望有很多人出席大会。 kk) Attendance at the lectures is necessary. 这些讲座是必须参加的。 ll) The nurse is in constant attendance on the patient
那位护士一直护理着那个病人。mm)The 21-year-old runner twisted his ankle in a training session last Friday上星期五，这个21岁的跑步运动员在训练时把脚踝给扭了。asinglecontinuousperiodspentinoneactivity（从事某项活动的）一段时间nn)Thesessionbeginson1October.学期在10月1日开始。学年：学期：上课时间oo)Thefaculty is meetingtomorrowat 10 a.m全体教员明天上午10点开会。pp) A school's job is to cultivate students critical faculties.学校的任务是培养学生判断事物的思维能力。qq) I felt most insulted when they made me sit at a little table at the back当他们让我在后面的一张小桌旁落座时，我觉得受到了莫大的悔辱。She madethe usual insults about my appearancerr)她又像平常那样侮辱我的外表。I could curse her for losing my key!ss)她弄丢了我的钥匙，我真想骂她！tt)Witha curse, shepicked upthepapers from theground她咒骂了一声，从地上捡起报纸。2.Match the synonyms and antonyms in column B with those in column A.'minoritymajorityenergetic enthusiasticoptimisticpessimistic·fruitful（富有成效的）abundant（充裕的）ample(充足的）fertile（富饶的，肥沃的）enoughsufficientscarce scanty(缺乏的）sparse(稀少的，稀疏的）rare(稀罕的，珍贵的)curriculum（全部的课程）course（seriesoflessonsand lectures)，subject（学科）worthwhileworthy of,worth doing sthcoutsetbeginningstart·jail prison15.Homework:a.learnthenewwords and expressions ofthetextbyheartb.go overthetextand write down the difficultpointsStage 2:Reading-CentredActivities (2 hours)Aim:global understandingofthetext andactive acquisition ofthe languagepoints5. Global Reading Task:Talk about themain ideaofthetext ingroupsand answerthefollowingquestions(seeexercise 2).福Question and answer techniqueThepassage looks like a report, which tries to explain some ideas, reportsomeeventsandprovesomeconclusions.Therelationshipbetweenthepartsisbestbroughtout by questions and answers.While reading the passage, the readers would naturally askthemselves somequestions as a way of predicting what istofollow.If what follows isjusttheanswertothequestion in thereaders'mind,then comprehension continues.Ifwhat follows is not the answerto the question in thereaders'mind, the readers wouldlook in some other directions to put in the right question to match what follows.This is avery important technique of reading comprehension or bringing out the relationship
那位护士一直护理着那个病人。 mm)The 21-year-old runner twisted his ankle in a training session last Friday. 上星期五，这个 21 岁的跑步运动员在训练时把脚踝给扭了。a single continuous period spent in one activity (从事某项活动的) 一段时间 nn) The session begins on 1 October. 学期在 10 月 1 日开始。学年；学期；上课时间 oo) The faculty is meeting tomorrow at 10 a.m. 全体教员明天上午 10 点开会。 pp) A school's job is to cultivate students' critical faculties. 学校的任务是培养学生判断事物的思维能力。 qq) I felt most insulted when they made me sit at a little table at the back. 当他们让我在后面的一张小桌旁落座时，我觉得受到了莫大的侮辱。 rr) She made the usual insults about my appearance. 她又像平常那样侮辱我的外表。 ss) I could curse her for losing my key! 她弄丢了我的钥匙，我真想骂她！ tt) With a curse, she picked up the papers from the ground. 她咒骂了一声，从地上捡起报纸。 2. Match the synonyms and antonyms in column B with those in column A. •minority majority •energetic enthusiastic optimistic pessimistic •fruitful(富有成效的) abundant(充裕的) ample(充足的) fertile(富饶的, 肥沃的) enough sufficient scarce scanty(缺乏的) sparse(稀少的，稀疏的) rare(稀罕的，珍贵的) •curriculum（全部的课程） course (series of lessons and lectures), subject（学科） •worthwhile worthy of, worth doing sth •outset beginning start •jail prison 15. Homework: a. learn the new words and expressions of the text by heart. b. go over the text and write down the difficult points. Stage 2: Reading-Centred Activities (2 hours) Aim: global understanding of the text and active acquisition of the language points 5. Global Reading Task: ◼ Talk about the main idea of the text in groups and answer the following questions (see exercise 2). ◼ Question and answer technique The passage looks like a report, which tries to explain some ideas, report some events and prove some conclusions. The relationship between the parts is best brought out by questions and answers. While reading the passage, the readers would naturally ask themselves some questions as a way of predicting what is to follow. If what follows is just the answer to the question in the readers’ mind, then comprehension continues. If what follows is not the answer to the question in the readers’ mind, the readers would look in some other directions to put in the right question to match what follows. This is a very important technique of reading comprehension or bringing out the relationship
between the paragraphs.For example:If the readers come across an article which starts withMr. Williams was brought into court today.Then the readers would naturally ask:Why was Mr.Williams brought into court?Or who/what is Mr. Williams?Or why was it today that Mr.Williams was brought into court?...Ifwhatfollows answers one ofthequestions in the readers'mind,thencomprehension continues. If not, the readers would correct their expectations and insertsomeotherquestionstomatchthedevelopmentof thearticleNowlet's examine the text structure of Reading Passage A in a way of questions andanswers.The essay is made up of 4 parts with each part answering one question.Part 1:When we come uptothearticle,weread the title-WherePrinciples ComeFirst.This naturallybrings us thequestion:What are theprinciples?Part 1 is made up of2paragraphs:Paragraph1 andParagraph2telling us theprinciplesof theHyde School.Part2:SincetheprinciplesoftheHydeSchoolaresomewhatdifferentfromotherschools, thereaders would wonder whether theprinciples are accepted by other schoolsWhen weread on, we find the author tries to answer the question in Paragraphs 3to11.Paragraph3is aboutone exampleof howthe HydeSchool principles were rejected byonepublic school withthereasonsmadecleartous.FromParagraph4toParagraph1lthere is another example of how the Hyde School principles were appreciated by anotherpublic school.Part 3: Since the Hyde School principles have been rejected as well as appreciated, wewould bewondering what the detailed principles or approaches arefor the Hyde SchoolThis brings in for us Part 3.Part3consists of 5paragraphs, from Paragraph 12 toParagraph 16. Paragraph 12 is about some principles for the Hyde School: every studentwithauniquepotential based oncharacter,highvalueofhard work,successmeasured byprogress or development, and students taking responsibilities for each other. Paragraph13 is about what is provided by the Hyde School. The Hyde School is different fromother schools in additional requirements like arts, sports, and community service.Andthegradingsystem includes thefact astohowhard the students havetried in their studies.Paragraph14 toParagraph16is aboutanother important requirementfrom theHydeSchool:parentscommitment and participation in the program.Paragraph 14 is aboutwhat have been required of parents. Paragraph 15 is about how the requirements work insome other schools and how someparents reject theprinciple.But Paragraph 16tellsusthat once the parents realize the importance of their participation, theHyde School'sprogram should work well in public schools.?Part4:Now that we are clear about the Hyde School's principles, the acceptability ofthe principles to public schools and what the school's detailed principles are, we wouldnaturally ask the question: Are these principles good or beneficial to the teachers as wellas the students?Part 4 consists of 4 paragraphs: Paragraph17tells us how the principlesprove to be beneficial to the teachers and Paragraphs 18 to 20 tell us one example of how
between the paragraphs. For example: If the readers come across an article which starts with: Mr. Williams was brought into court today. Then the readers would naturally ask: Why was Mr. Williams brought into court? Or who/what is Mr. Williams? Or why was it today that Mr. Williams was brought into court?. If what follows answers one of the questions in the readers’ mind, then comprehension continues. If not, the readers would correct their expectations and insert some other questions to match the development of the article. Now let’s examine the text structure of Reading Passage A in a way of questions and answers. The essay is made up of 4 parts with each part answering one question. ◼ Part 1: When we come up to the article, we read the title — Where Principles Come First. This naturally brings us the question: What are the principles? Part 1 is made up of 2 paragraphs: Paragraph 1 and Paragraph 2 telling us the principles of the Hyde School. ◼ Part 2: Since the principles of the Hyde School are somewhat different from other schools, the readers would wonder whether the principles are accepted by other schools. When we read on, we find the author tries to answer the question in Paragraphs 3 to 11. Paragraph 3 is about one example of how the Hyde School principles were rejected by one public school with the reasons made clear to us. From Paragraph 4 to Paragraph 11 there is another example of how the Hyde School principles were appreciated by another public school. ◼ Part 3: Since the Hyde School principles have been rejected as well as appreciated, we would be wondering what the detailed principles or approaches are for the Hyde School. This brings in for us Part 3. Part 3 consists of 5 paragraphs, from Paragraph 12 to Paragraph 16. Paragraph 12 is about some principles for the Hyde School: every student with a unique potential based on character, high value of hard work, success measured by progress or development, and students taking responsibilities for each other. Paragraph 13 is about what is provided by the Hyde School. The Hyde School is different from other schools in additional requirements like arts, sports, and community service. And the grading system includes the fact as to how hard the students have tried in their studies. Paragraph 14 to Paragraph 16 is about another important requirement from the Hyde School: parents’ commitment and participation in the program. Paragraph 14 is about what have been required of parents. Paragraph 15 is about how the requirements work in some other schools and how some parents reject the principle. But Paragraph 16 tells us that once the parents realize the importance of their participation, the Hyde School’s program should work well in public schools. ◼ Part 4: Now that we are clear about the Hyde School’s principles, the acceptability of the principles to public schools and what the school’s detailed principles are, we would naturally ask the question: Are these principles good or beneficial to the teachers as well as the students? Part 4 consists of 4 paragraphs: Paragraph 17 tells us how the principles prove to be beneficial to the teachers and Paragraphs 18 to 20 tell us one example of how
successful theprinciples are to the students.Title: Where Principles Come FirstQuestion 1: What are the principles?+Theprinciples ofthe Hyde School:Teach students the merit of such values as truth, courage, integrity... and academic achievement naturallyfollows,theschoolhasreceived considerablepublicityfor itsworkwithtroubled youngstersAnd the school advocates that they prepare kids for a way of life by cultivating a comprehensive set ofprinciples that can affect allkids.Paras. 1-2Question 2: Are the Hyde principles accepted by other schools?+TheeffortstomaketheCharacterFirstideaacceptedbypublicschools++★TheHydeSchoolbeingFailure in spreading the Hyde principles:principlesThe first Hyde public school program openedappreciated:in September1992,whichwas suspendedThe Hyde Foundationopenedanotherwithin months.program in a public high school in theReasons:Teachers protested the program'ssuburbsofNewHaven,Connecticut.Atthedemands and the strain associated with moreschool the quest for truth is also widespreadintensework.Students wereasked to exchangetheirPara. 3evaluationsontheirclassperformanceParas. 4-11Paras.3-11Question 3: What are the detailed principles or approaches advocated by the Hyde School?+
successful the principles are to the students. Title: Where Principles Come First Question 1: What are the principles? The principles of the Hyde School: Teach students the merit of such values as truth, courage, integrity. and academic achievement naturally follows; the school has received considerable publicity for its work with troubled youngsters. And the school advocates that they prepare kids for a way of life by cultivating a comprehensive set of principles that can affect all kids. Paras. 1-2 Question 2: Are the Hyde principles accepted by other schools? The efforts to make the Character First idea accepted by public schools. _ Failure in spreading the Hyde principles: The first Hyde public school program opened in September 1992, which was suspended within months. Reasons: Teachers protested the program’s demands and the strain associated with more intense work. Para. 3 The Hyde School principles being appreciated: The Hyde Foundation opened another program in a public high school in the suburbs of New Haven, Connecticut. At the school the quest for truth is also widespread. Students were asked to exchange their evaluations on their class performance. Paras. 4-11 Paras.3-11 Question 3: What are the detailed principles or approaches advocated by the Hyde School?