Biogeochemical Cycling The cycling of nutrients through ecosystems via food chains and food webs,including the exchange of nutrients between the biosphere and the hydrosphere,atmosphere and geosphere (e.g.,soils and sediments) 16
16 Biogeochemical Cycling The cycling of nutrients through ecosystems via food chains and food webs, including the exchange of nutrients between the biosphere and the hydrosphere, atmosphere and geosphere (e.g., soils and sediments)
Types of Biogeochemical Cycles 物质循环的基本类型 Three major categories of biogeochemical cycling based on slowest-changing pool(=reservoir): 1.Water cycling水循环 2.Gaseous cycling of C,N,O,S气相型循环 3.Sedimentary cycling of S,P沉积型循环 17
17 Types of Biogeochemical Cycles Types of Biogeochemical Cycles 物质循环的基本类型 物质循环的基本类型 Three major categories of biogeochemical cycling based on slowest-changing pool(=reservoir): 1. Water cycling 水循环 2. Gaseous cycling of C, N,O, S 气相型循环 3. Sedimentary cycling of S, P 沉积型循环
气体型循环 沉积型循环 相同点 都受能流驱动，并都依赖于水循环 储存库 大气、海洋 岩石、土壤、水 循环速度 快 慢 不 同 分子形式 气体 非气体 点 循环物质 C、H、O、N等 P、S、I、Ca、K、Na等 循环性能 具全球性、循环性能最为完 善，是比较完全的循环 是不完全的循环 自我调节能力 对干扰可相当快地进行自我 调节 容易被局部干扰所破坏 18
18 是不完全的循环 具全球性、循环性能最为完 善，是比较完全的循环 循环性能 不 同 点 容易被局部干扰所破坏 对干扰可相当快地进行自我 调节 自我调节能力 循环物质 C、H、O、N等 P、S、I、Ca、K、Na等 分子形式 气体 非气体 循环速度 快 慢 储存库 大气、海洋 岩石、土壤、水 相同点 都受能流驱动，并都依赖于水循环 气体型循环 沉积型循环
13.1 Water cycling Water are stored in the forms of gas,liquid, and solid. 19
19 13.1 Water cycling Water are stored in the forms of gas, liquid, and solid
water cycling Solar energy 水蒸气移动 Transport over the land水蒸气移动 Condensation Net movement 凝结 of water vapor by wind(36) Evaporation Precipitation from the sea over the land (319)蒸发 (95)降雨 Evapotranspiration (59) 蒸腾 Precipitation Percolation over the sea in soil渗透 (283) 降雨 Runoff and groundwater(36)径流与地表水
20 water cycling 蒸发 蒸腾 降雨 渗透 径流与地表水 水蒸气移动 水蒸气移动 降雨 Condensation 凝结