案例1 1990年,阿根廷某公司应中国某公司的请求,报出镁矿石初级产品200公吨,每公吨2 150美元,即期装运的实盘。但中方接到阿方报盘,未作还盘,而是一再请求阿方增加数量, 降低价格,并延长有效期,阿方公司将数量增到350公吨,每公吨价格为CIF上海价2100 美元,有效期经三次延长,最后延长至9月25日,中方公司于9月20日来电表示接受该盘。 阿方接到该电报时,得知国际市场镁矿石价格上扬,因此决定拒绝成交,于是向中方发 电,称:“由于国际市场镁矿石价格发生变化,货物已于接到你方电报时售出。”而中方对 此拒绝接受,认为中方是在发盘有效期内接受了阿方发盘,坚持要求按发盘的条件执行合同, 阿方如不执行合同,则要赔偿中方的损失,即差价25万美元

一、名词解释 1对外贸易额:以货币表示的一国对外贸易金额,称为对外贸易额。 2转口贸易:是指生产国与消费国之间,或供给国与需求国之间经由第三国 或地区贸易商分别签订进口合同和出口合同所进行的贸易。从第三国或地 区来看,即为转口贸易,又称中转贸易

第一章导论 一、名词解释: 1对外贸易额 2转口贸易 3过境贸易 4无形贸易 5易货贸易

Primary Readings: DL-Chapter 4; JR-Chapter 3; Varian-Chapter 7 In most economic models, we start with an agent's utility function. The utility function basically maps from bundles that the agent might choose, to the real line. The utility function is quite convenient: it can be maximized and manipulated using mathematical tools. But the question is are we imposing some hidden or desirable assumptions when we take this approach ?prefeent's

1. The principle of increasing opportunity cost, also known as the low-hanging-fruit principle, says that the least costly options should be exploited first, with more costly options taken up only after the least costly ones have been exhausted. At low prices, only those with low opportunity costs of producing the product would find it worthwhile to offer it for sale. As prices

1. To say that someone needs a good is to suggest that he cannot choose to do without the good or buy a substitute for it. We are more likely to be mindful of the fact that almost all goods have substitutes if we speak of wants rather than needs 2. Even though we cannot actually

1. Price changes affect quantity demanded for two reasons: They attractiveness of substitute goods and they alter the real value of the consumers purchasing power. The second effect grows larger as the share of the consumers

1. The equilibrium price of a good is determined by the intersection of its supply and demand curves. We can know everything about a goods cost of production( that, is we can know its supply exactly) yet still not know where the demand curve will intersect the supply curve

Answers to Review Questions 1. Your friend probably means that your tennis game will improve faster if you take solo private lessons instead of group lessons. But private lessons are also more costly than group lessons. So those people who don' t care that much about ho rapidly they improve may do better to take group lessons and spend what they save on other things

一、验资概述 1、验资:指CPA依法接受委托,按照独立审计准则地要求,对被审单位注册资本的实收或变更情况进行审验,出具验资报告。 2、验资的性质与作用: (1)企业产权关系的界定: (2)社会经济秩序的好坏