复旦大学：《内科学》课程教学资源（PPT课件讲稿）白春学－呼吸衰竭

Diagnosis of cardiac and respiratory arrest Traditional methods : 1. Carotid pulse check by lay rescuers 2. Loss of consciousness 3. Pupil dilation 4. Respiratory arrest

What is critical care medicine？ Multidisciplinary healthcare specialty cares for patients with acute, life￾threatening illness or injury which including continuum of life support from the scene through discharge Coordinated care systems, analysis of treatment options, protocols, guidelines for the care of individual patients

Endocrinology (1) Roughly a hundred years ago, Starling coined the term hormone to describe secretin, a substance secreted by the small intestine into the blood stream to stimulate pancreatic secretion. In his Croonian Lectures, Starling considered the endo￾crine and nervous systems as two distinct mechanisms for coordination and control of organ function

Contents Normal anatomy,physiology and metabolism of the kidney Clinical manifestation of renal disease Diagnosis and treatment

Water and Sodium Metabolism Control of water excretion Control of sodium excretion Hyponatremia and hypernatremia

Classification Prerenal ARF Intrinsic renal ARF Postrenal ARF

Bronchial asthma is a chronic inflammatory condition involving a variety of cells including eosinophils, mast cells, T lymphocytes, neutrophils, and epithelial cells of the airway, as well as cellular elements， which gives rise to the increase of airway hyper-reactivity. Extensive changeable and reversible ventilation restriction is common and can cause recurrent tachypnea, feeling of out of breath, and coughing

Anemia of increased destruction Normochromic, normochromic anemia Shortened RBC survival Reticulocytosis--Response to increased RBC destruction Increased indirect bilirubin Increased LDH

Chronic Renal Insufficiency Pathogen and pathogenesis Manifestation Laboratory examination Diagnosis and differential diagnosis Treatment