胞科学 ell Science 蔡国平
细胞科学 Cell Science （15） 蔡国平
8 15 Cell differentiation 15.1 Outline The concept of cell differentiation Determination or commitment Totipotency, Pluripotency and Monopotency Developmental landscape model 5.2 Cell differentiation resulting from the expression of specific gene house keeping gene and luxury gene regultory gene and temporal gene 15.3 The genetic control of The cell differentiation 14 4 The influences of environmental factors on cell differentiation 14.5 The maintaining of cell differentiation 14.6 Development and cell differentiation
§ 15. Cell differentiation 15.1 Outline The concept of cell differentiation Determination or commitment Totipotency, Pluripotency and Monopotency Developmental landscape model 15.2 Cell differentiation resulting from the expression of specific genes house keeping gene and luxury gene regultory gene and temporal gene 15.3 The genetic control of The cell differentiation 14.4 The influences of environmental factors on cell differentiation 14.5 The maintaining of cell differentiation 14.6 Development and cell differentiation
Figure 14.2 Formation of blood cells All of the different types of blood cells develop from a pluripotent stem cell Pluripotent stem cell in the bone marrow. The precursors of differentiat ed cells undergo several rounds of cel division as they mature, but cel proliferation ceases at the termi- Myelo nal stages of differentiation Lymphoid o(@◎◎ 必(曝◎ T ly Granulocytes
Figure 14.41 Stem cell proliferation Stem cells divide to form one daughter cell that remains a stem cell and a second that differentiates(e.g, to an intestinal epithelial cell). Stem cel Cell division n Differentiated cell
Growth factor (EGF Plasma membrane Growth factor receptor (ErbB Cytoplasm ERK Fos mRNA 000000 Figure 15.26 Oncogenes and signal transduction Oncogene proteins act as growth factors (e.g, EGF), growth factor receptors(e. g, ErbB), and intracellular signaling mole- cules(Ras and Raf). Ras and Raf activate the ERK mAP kinase pathway(see Fi ures 13.32 and 13.35), leading to the induction of additional genes(e.g. fos)that encode potentially oncogenic transcriptional regulatory proteins. Proteins with known oncogenic potential are highlighted with a yellow glow