5. Anatomical Terminology1) AnatomicalPositionStandardized position from which todescribe directional terms- standing upright- facing the observer, head level- eyes facing forwardZN-feet flatonthefloor-arms at the sides- palms turned forwardProne position =lying face downAnteriorviewPosteriorviewSupine position = lying face up
5. Anatomical Terminology • Standardized position from which to describe directional terms – standing upright – facing the observer, head level – eyes facing forward – feet flat on the floor – arms at the sides – palms turned forward • Prone position = lying face down • Supine position = lying face up 1）Anatomical Position
2)Major Directional TermsSuperior(Cranial)LATERAL★LATERAL+MEDIAL+SUPERIORMidlineInferior(Caudal)Esophagus (foodtube)Trachea (windpipe)PROXIMALAnterior(Ventral)RibRight lungLeft lungPosterior(Dorsal)Sternum(breastbone)HeartHumerusDiaphragmMedialStomachLateralLiverTransversecolonGallbladderRadiusSmall intestineSuperficialUlnaAscending-DescendingcolonProfundalcolonCarpals.MetacarpalsUrinarybladderInternalPhalangesDISTALExternalINFERIOR
2) Major Directional Terms Superior (Cranial) Inferior (Caudal) Anterior(Ventral) Posterior (Dorsal) Medial Lateral Superficial Profundal Internal External
Superior orInferiorSuperiortowards the headTheeyesaresuperiortothemouth.InferiorawayfromtheheadThe stomachis inferior to theheart
Superior or Inferior ◼ Superior towards the head The eyes are superior to the mouth. ◼ Inferior away from the head The stomach is inferior to the heart
DorsalorVentralDorsal orPosteriorat the back of the bodyThe brainisposteriortotheforehead.VentralorAnteriorat the front of the body The sternumisanteriorto the heart
◼ Dorsal or Posterior at the back of the body The brain is posterior to the forehead. ◼ Ventral or Anterior at the front of the body The sternum is anterior to the heart. Dorsal or Ventral