Chapter 13. Chemicals of life No molecule in a living organism is a permanent resident. Within 7 years, most of the molecules in a human body have been replaced by new one Individual? Decided completely by the genetic code? No! An individual's identity is continually re-established each and every moment
Chapter 13 .Chemicals of life No molecule in a living organism is a permanent resident. Within 7 years, most of the molecules in a human body have been replaced by new one! Individual? Decided completely by the genetic code? No! An individual’s identity is continually re-established each and every moment
13.1 Biomolecules are produced and utilized in cells Anatomy of the Plant Cell · Plasma membrane:细胞 Plasma Peroxisome Reticulum 膜 Vacuole · Cell wal!:细胞壁 atus Plant cell · Cell nucleus:细胞核 Plasmodesmata Cytoplasm:细胞质 Figure 1 Organelles:细胞器 Ctol Carbohydrate:碳水化合 物 Lipid:脂类 · Protein:蛋白质 Animal cell Golgi sae Golgi vesicle · Nucleic acid:核酸 Cytrxkeleos
13.1 Biomolecules are produced and utilized in cells • Plasma membrane: 细胞 膜 • Cell wall: 细胞壁 • Cell nucleus：细胞核 • Cytoplasm: 细胞质 • Organelles: 细胞器 • Carbohydrate: 碳水化合 物 • Lipid: 脂类 • Protein: 蛋白质 • Nucleic acid: 核酸 Plant cell Animal cell
13.2 Carbohydrates give structure and energy Carbohydrates are molecules of carbon, hydrogen and oXygen produced by plant through photosysthesis(光 合作用) Glucose:葡萄糖2 CH2OH Saccharide:糖类 dH CH2OH · Fructose:果糖 Glucose Fructose
13.2 Carbohydrates give structure and energy • Carbohydrates are molecules of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen produced by plant through photosysthesis (光 合作用). • Saccharide: 糖类 • Glucose: 葡萄糖 • Fructose: 果糖 H O OH OH H H OH H OH CH2OH H O CH2OH HO H OH OH H H CH2OH Glucose Fructose Honey
Sucrose:蔗糖 a-Glucosid binding B-Fructosidbinding CH2OH CH2OH OH O、0H CH2OH OH OH Glucose Fructose
Sucrose: 蔗糖
Lactose:乳糖 Lactase:乳糖酶 LACTOSE CHoH 1-4cH oH OH 0 OH OH OH OH H OH 20 CH OH CH2 oH 0.H OH OH H HO OH OH OH GALACTOSE GLUCOSE
Lactose: 乳糖 Lactase: 乳糖酶