Unit 2 Enals around the wonld Learning about Language Discovering useful words and expressions 1 Match the new words and expressions with their meanings A who or what somebody or something is B a word for gas in British English s gradually c not sudden D in fact 5 identity E the second of two things or people already mentioned h the latter F often 7 actually G long trip by sea or in space s fuen H able to speak or write a language well 2 Complete this passage with the words from the Warming Up and Reading It is not easy for a Chinese person to speak English as English speaker One reason is that English has a large It also has different usage in different English speaking countries. If you use"flat"instead of have leamed British English. If you use the word people in America will know you stead of"lift"in Britain. peopl will know you have studied American English 3 Add these phrases to the rhyme so that it makes sense. such as make use of because of come up at present will you to my flat!"asked the spider to the ny. it's so pleasant to look down from so high the clear sky it's possible to see Buildings theatres and hotels by the sea So won't you pleas this chance to look? The fly agreed immediately without a second thought But as soon as she went up with a step so light that day.an The spider caught and ate her and she was never seen again! Then read the rhyme aloud and mark the sense groups. 4 Sometimes British and American people use different prepositions for the same idea. Choose a pair of prepositions. Then compare them at/on past / after in /on from /than I There are so many people They are going to have a party the weekend 3 We will leave for the airport at a quarter 4 His brother is the most famous football team in England. 5 As we know. British English is a little different American Engli b Are there many children playing Do you know which usage is British English and which is American? Discuss in pairs and then in class
Unit 2 English around the worid Discovering useful structures 1 Can you find the following command and request from Reading? Let's see how to retell them in indirect speech EXAMPLES: Look at this example. "the teacher said to us The teacher told us to look at that example. Would you like to see my flat? she asked. She asked me to see her flat 2 In English you use a command or a request when you want someone to do somet Please look at the three sentences and tell the difference Command Request Not polite Open the window. Please open the window Would you please open the window? Look at these expressions and classify them into Commands and Requests Correct your spelling mistakes. Please Can i sit here and wait for the doctor? How do you spell that please? Go and.. Would you please…? Do that now Can I please.? Hold that elevator! Say that again Would you please speak more slowly? Could you repeat the sentence? Go and buy some more petrol! Take the dog for a walk 3 Read these sentences and decide which is a command and which is a request Then retell them in indirect speech I The children said to their teacher: "Would you please sing a song for us?" 2 The mother said to her child: "Turn off the radio!" s The dentist said to a patient: "Open your mouth please. so I can see the had tooth clearly." 4 The secretary said to the woman on the phone: "Could you hold on for a minute 5 John said to his classmate: "Can I borrow your pen please!" 6 The teacher said to his student: "Come up to my office!" 4 Make some dialogues using commands and requests and retell them in indirect A bear is moving towards a boy. What do you say to the boy to make sure that he is not hunt? An English teacher is telling her students what they must do for homework. A student cannot hear the teacher very clearly. What should he say to his classmate to find out what to do? Think of more situations for your conversations
Unit 2 English around the world Using Language Reading 1 Read the passage and underline the topic sentence of each paragraph STANDARD ENGLISH AND DIALECTS what is standard English? Is it spoken in Britain, the US, Canada, Australia, India and New Zealand? Believe it or not, there is no such thing as standard English. Many people believe the English spoken on TV and the radio is standard English. This is because in the early days of radio, those who reported the news were expected to speak excellent English. However on TV and the radio you will hear differences in the way people speak. When people use words and expressions different from the "standard language". it is called a dialect. American English has many dialects, especially the midwestern, southern, African American and Spanish dialects. Even in some parts of the USA, two people from neighbouring towns speak a little differently. American English has so many dialects because people have come from all over the world. Geography also plays a part in making dialects. Some people who live in the mountains of the eastern USA speak with an older kind of English dialect. When Americans moved from one place to another, they took their dialects with them. So people from the mountains in the southeastern USA speak with almost the same dialect as people in the northwestern USA. The USA is a large country in which many different dialects are spoken. Although many Americans move a lot, they still recognize and understand each others dialects 2 The Chinese language also has many dialects. Work in pairs and make a list of the ones you and your partner have heard 3 Read these dialogues. Mark the sentence stress and intonation. Then practise reading them in pairs. Find the British and American words which are different but have the same meaning I LITTLE GIRI Hi. Id like some sweets, please STORE OWNER: No problem. All the candy we sell is sweet. LITTLE GIRI I see, so you sell sweer sweets BRITISH BOY: Shall we move the new bed by lorry? AMERICAN GIRL: Nor by me. I hope. BRITISH BOY: Oh I,'m sorr, Lori, I meant by truck. BRITISH BOY: What a lonelv autumn day! AMERICAN LADY: Yes, it's a nice fall day, isn T it?
Unit 2 English around the word listening 1Before you listen, look at the picture below and read the exercises. In doing so, you can get some idea about the listening and predict the content. Discuss your ideas with your partner. 2 Imagine that you are in Houston, Texas, a city in the American South. This is an example of the local dialect. Listen and read through the text and take note of the accent and intonation Hey. y'all, this here is Buford. I come from a big oil town in Texas. Now, y'all need to understand that we ain't really a state, but a whole'nother country. Now let me tell ya a story 'bout when I was just a pup. One hot summer's day I was swimmin with my cousins Little Lester and Big Billy Bob. We was jumpin' in the water and feelin' good. Then along comes this catfish 'bout the size of a house. Well, alright maybe a little smaller than that. Little Lester starts to thinkin' it's gointo eat him sure nough. Man, you shoulda seen him! He got outta the water fast as lightning and climbed up a tree. Big Billy Bob and I just laughed and ughed. To this day. wont go near that place. 3 Listen again and put these sentences in the right sequence Lester climbed a tree Buford, Billy Bob and Lester went swimming Lester thought the catfish would eat him Buford and Billy Bob laughed Lester saw a catfish Now Lester is too afraid to visit the place 4 Answer the following questions after listening What does Buford think of Texas? How do you know? 2 How large was the catfish? 3 Why did Lester get out of the water so quickly? 4 Why did Buford and Big Billy Bob laugh? 14
Unit 2 English around the world Reading and speaking 1 Amy and her American friends are visiting London. they plan to visit Amys aunt and decide to go there by underground, but cannot find the nearest underground station. So she asks directions and then tells her friends. Read the dialogue and circle the words that mean the same AMY: Excuse me, ma'am. Could you please tell me where the nearest subway is? LADY: Er. the underground? Well. go round the comer on your left-hand side, straight on and cross no streets. Ir'll be on your right-hand side AMY: Thanks so much FRIENDS: What did she sav, Amy? AMY: She told us to go around the cormer on the left and keep going straight for two blocks. The subway will be on our right 2 Work in pairs. Choose one of the situations and make a dialogue. Use the following expressions to help you Pay attention to the intonation you use while talking Pardon? I beg your Pardon? I dont understand How do you spell that? Could you say that again please? Could you speak more slowly please? Sorry, I can't follow youl Could you repeat that please? I You and your friend are American. You have arrived in a strange city in England to watch a football match. You need to find a cab/taxi to take you to the football ground. 2 You and your friend are British. You are visiting America. Your car needs some more petrol but you cannot find a petrol station. Ask directions to the nearest one. 1 Brainstorm with a partner on the following topic: Why should we learn English? Then try to make a poster to show your ideas. to talk Why should w to native speakers learn English? English books