43.1 UPAC nomenclature of alkanes What is it UPAc? The formal system of nomenclature used today is one proposed by the International Union of Pure and Applied chemistry (IUPAC). This system was first developed in 1892. Each different compound should have a different name and make a systematic set of rules
4.3.1 IUPAC nomenclature of alkanes What is it IUPAC? The formal system of nomenclature used today is one proposed by the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry (IUPAC). This system was first developed in 1892. Each different compound should have a different name and make a systematic set of rules
432 Nomenclature of the unbranched alkanes 0 Stucture Name CH Methane 123456789 CH3CH3 Ethane CH3CH2CH3 Propane CH3(CH22CH3 Butane CH3(CH23CH Pentane CH3(CH2)4CH3 Hexane CH3(CH2)5CH3 Heptane CH3(CH26CH3 Octane CH3(CH2)7CH3 Nonane 10 CH3 (CH2)8 CH3 Decane
4.3.2 Nomenclature of the unbranched alkanes No Stucture Name 1 CH4 Methane 2 CH3 CH3 Ethane 3 CH3 CH2 CH3 Propane 4 CH3 (CH2 ) 2 CH3 Butane 5 CH3 (CH2 ) 3 CH3 Pentane 6 CH3 (CH2 ) 4 CH3 Hexane 7 CH3 (CH2 ) 5 CH3 Heptane 8 CH3 (CH2 ) 6 CH3 Octane 9 CH3 (CH2 ) 7 CH3 Nonane 10 CH3 (CH2 ) 8 CH3 Decane
43A Nomenclature of unbranched alkyl groups If we remove one hydrogen atom from an alkane, we obtain what is called an alkyl group These alkyl groups have names that end in -yl
4.3A Nomenclature of unbranched alkyl groups If we remove one hydrogen atom from an alkane, we obtain what is called an alkyl group. These alkyl groups have names that end in –yl
No Stucture a me Alkyl group name 1 CH4 Methane CH methyl 2 CH3CH Ethane CH3, Ethyl 3 CH3CH2CH3 Propane CH3 CH,CH2 Propyl 4 CH3(CH2)CH3 Butane CH3(CH2)CH2 Butyl 5 CH3(CH)3CH3 Pentane 6 CH3(CH2)4CH H exane 3333 7 CH3(CH2) CH3 Heptane 8 CH3(CH2CH Octane 9 CH3(CH2)CH Nonane 10 CH3(CH2)8CH3 Decane
No Stucture Name Alkyl group name 1 CH4 Methane CH3 - methyl 2 CH3 CH3 Ethane CH3 CH2 - Ethyl 3 CH3 CH2 CH3 Propane CH3 CH2 CH2 - Propyl 4 CH3 (CH2 ) 2 CH3 Butane CH3 (CH2 ) 2 CH2 - Butyl 5 CH3 (CH2 ) 3 CH3 Pentane 6 CH3 (CH2 ) 4 CH3 Hexane 7 CH3 (CH2 ) 5 CH3 Heptane 8 CH3 (CH2 ) 6 CH3 Octane 9 CH3 (CH2 ) 7 CH3 Nonane 10 CH3 (CH2 ) 8 CH3 Decane
43B Nomenclature of branched- Chain alkanes支链烷烃的命名 Rules. 1. Locate the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms this chain determines the parent name for the alkane(选母体或选主链) CH3CH2CH2CH3 CHCH3 CH3 CH2 CH3 CHCH3 CH 3 CH 2 CH
4.3B Nomenclature of branchedChain alkanes 支链烷烃的命名 Rules: 1. Locate the longest continuous chain of carbon atoms; this chain determines the parent name for the alkane （选母体 或 选主链） CH3 CH2 CH2 CH3 CHCH3 CH3 CH3 CH2 CH2 CH3 CHCH3 CH2 CH3