EC contraction(venules)ContractionMechanismstrancytosis(venules)of vascularleakageDirect injury(Arterioles,venules,cap)Increasedpermeability(new cap)
Mechanisms of vascular leakage EC contraction (venules) Direct injury (Arterioles,venules,cap) Increased permeability (new cap) Contraction trancytosis (venules)
(二).FluidTexudationI.Main causes:1Increased vascular permeability →escape of aprotein-rich fluid into the interstitiumThe loss of proteinreduces intravascular coloid osmotic pressureincreases the colloid osmotic pressure of theinterstitial fluid
(二) . Fluid exudation 1.Ｍain causes: ① Increased vascular permeability →escape of a protein-rich fluid into the interstitium ② The loss of protein reduces intravascular coloid osmotic pressure increases the colloid osmotic pressure of the interstitial fluid
NormalAcute inflammationHydrostaticColloid osmoticpressure
Normal Acute inflammation Hydrostatic pressure Colloid osmotic
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2.Distinguish between exudate and transudateTransudateExudateNormalIncreasedVascularpermeability1.5~6g/dlProtein concentration0~1.5g/dlAlbuminProtein typeKinds of proteinRivalta testNegative(-)Positive (+)NoFibrinHaveGravity< 1.012> 1.020> 0.5 X109/LCell number< 0.1X 109/LCloudyClearAppearance
2. Distinguish between exudate and transudate Transudate Exudate Vascular permeability Normal Increased Protein concentration 0~1.5g/dl 1.5~6g/dl Protein type Albumin Kinds of protein Rivalta test Negative(-) Positive (+) Fibrin No Have Gravity < 1.012 > 1.020 Cell number < 0.1×109/L > 0.5×109/L Appearance Clear Cloudy