第三章昆虫的胚后发育 Postembryonic development 孵化 生长与脱皮 变态
l孵化 l生长与脱皮 l变态
第一节孵化 Hatching, Eclosion ●幼虫从卵中破壳而出的过程 o To escape from the eggs, a larva must break the various membranes which surround it These include the chorion. vitelline membrane 破壳方式 化学物质 破卵器 eggburster 上颚 mandible
Hatching Eclosion l 幼虫从卵中破壳而出的过程。 l To escape from the eggs, a larva must break the various membranes which surround it. These include the chorion, vitelline membrane. l 破壳方式 – 化学物质 – 破卵器eggburster – 上颚mandible
第二节生长与脱皮 Growth and moulting (ecdysis o Insect growth is discontinuous because the rigid cuticle limits expansion o Size increase is by moulting (ecdysis) The formation of new cuticle of greater surface area and shelding of the old cuticle.(由激素控 制——蜕皮激素 Ecdysone)。 蜕 Exuvia 不同种脱皮次数不同,同种脱 皮次数一般相同。一般脱皮 20次
l Insect growth is discontinuous, because the rigid cuticle limits expansion. l Size increase is by moulting (ecdysis). – The formation of new cuticle of greater surface area and shelding of the old cuticle. (由激素控 制——蜕皮激素Ecdysone)。 – 蜕Exuvia – 不同种脱皮次数不同，同种脱 皮次数一般相同。一般脱皮 2—20次
龄期 Stadium( stadia): The period between moults相邻两次 脱皮之间的时间。 ●虫龄 Sinstar: The growth stage, or the form between two successive moults相邻两次脱皮之间的阶段 first instar larva一龄幼虫、 second instar larva二龄幼虫 last instar larva末龄幼虫( full-grown larva老熟幼虫) Figure 1 Timeline of Morphogenesis Eclosion First Second Third (Egg Hatch) Molt Molt Embryogenesis 1st Instar 2nd Instar 3rd Instar.etc
l 龄期stadium (stadia): The period between moults相邻两次 脱皮之间的时间。 l 虫龄instar： The growth stage, or the form between two successive moults.相邻两次脱皮之间的阶段。 – first instar larva一龄幼虫、second instar larva二龄幼虫•••••• – last instar larva末龄幼虫（ full-grown larva老熟幼虫）
Insect development involve two components of growth Moult increment蜕皮期生长 o It is the increment in size occurring between one star and the next Intermoult period incrementi龄期生长 . It is the increment in a stadium or instar duration
l Insect development involve two components of growth. – Moult increment蜕皮期生长 l It is the increment in size occurring between one star and the next. – Intermoult period increment龄期生长 l It is the increment in a stadium or instar duration