Cardiac sympathetic actions Positive chronotropic effect正性变时作用 Positive dromotropic effect正性变传导作用 Positive inotropic effect正性变力作用
Cardiac sympathetic actions • Positive chronotropic effect正性变时作用 • Positive dromotropic effect正性变传导作用 • Positive inotropic effect正性变力作用
Cardiac mechanisms of norepinephrine Na(le) ACh N。rEp Muscarinic Beta-1 Receptor Receptor G G Stimulate Stimulates K Inhibition Cyclic-AMP
Cardiac mechanisms of norepinephrine
Mechanisms of norepinephrine -increase Nat cazt permeability 个, phase4 spontaneous depolarization个, autorhythmicity↑ Ca2 influx(ca)↑, phase 0 amplitude& velocity↑, conductivity个 Ca2 influx(ca)↑,Ca2+ release个,[Ca2+]个, contractility↑ (CICR)
Mechanisms of norepinephrine —increase Na+ & Ca2+ permeability • I f , phase 4 spontaneous depolarization, autorhythmicity • Ca2+ influx (ICa,L) , phase 0 amplitude & velocity , conductivity • Ca2+ influx (ICa,L) , Ca2+ release , [Ca2+ ] i , contractility (CICR)
Asymmetrical 899t0 innervation of sympathetic nerve 59E Time(min)
Asymmetrical innervation of sympathetic nerve
Cardiac parasympathetic actions Negative chronotropic effect负性变时作用 Negative dromotropic effect性变传导作用 Negative inotropic effect性变力作用
Cardiac parasympathetic actions • Negative chronotropic effect负性变时作用 • Negative dromotropic effect负性变传导作用 • Negative inotropic effect负性变力作用