Investigations of the components of the environment and the responses of organisms play a crucial part in ecological study as they add to our understanding of both the distribution of species and the structure of communities
Investigations of the components of the environment and the responses of organisms play a crucial part in ecological study as they add to our understanding of both the distribution of species and the structure of communities
9.2 The physical environment 9.2.1.The composition of the physical environment The physical or abiotic environment experienced by an organism depends on several factors:geology (地质学rock and soil types):topography地貌 (landscape):world location (latitudinal light and temperature variation):climate and weather:and catastrophes (fire,earthquakes etc.)
9.2 The physical environment 9.2 The physical environment 9.2.1. The composition of the physical environment The physical or abiotic environment experienced by an organism depends on several factors: geology (地质学 rock and soil types): topography 地貌 (landscape): world location (latitudinal light and temperature variation): climate and weather: and catastrophes (fire, earthquakes etc.)
Shelford's 'law'of tolerance Zone of Lower limit Upper limit Zone of intolerance of tolerance of tolerance intolerance Organisms Organisms absent absent R ponse Greatest fitness Growth Growth Survival Survival Environmental Conditions Lov! High
Shelford Shelford’s ‘law’ of tolerance of tolerance Low Environmental Conditions Hi Response
Law of tolerance for two factors that might limit geographical distributions. Moisture and temperature limiting 6 5 4 anjs!ow Temperature Adequate range 0 limiting for survival and in this reproduction 2 region 1 Moisture limiting in this region 0 0 2 3 4 5 6 Temperature
Law of tolerance for two factors that might Law of tolerance for two factors that might limit geographical distributions. limit geographical distributions
Black maple Red maple Silver maple