About the final It will be in English. Try to answer in English as well. The problems are given in such a way that very short answers are needed. Chinese allowed if you can only read English People with language difficulty are allowed to have extra time, for example, half an hour, and are allowed to have dictionary. This rule does not apply to general audience in 1-2 weeks online, so that students know wlr A short test in the format of the final will be given they expect Only materials that are mentioned during the lectures will be in the exam. 60 points total
About the final • It will be in English. Try to answer in English as well. The problems are given in such a way that very short answers are needed. Chinese allowed if you can only read English • People with language difficulty are allowed to have extra time, for example, half an hour, and are allowed to have dictionary. This rule does not apply to general audience • A short test in the format of the final will be given in 1-2 weeks online, so that students know what they expect • Only materials that are mentioned during the lectures will be in the exam. 60 points total
Bacterial Genetics
Bacterial Genetics
Three kinds of genetic transfer occur in bacteria Transformation: donor cell releases dNa by lysi S and it is taken up by the recipient cell Conjugation: physical contact between two bacterial cells and transfer of dna Transduction: bacterial virus(phage) transfers the DNa from donor cell to recipient cell
Three kinds of genetic transfer occur in bacteria • Transformation: donor cell releases DNA by lysis and it is taken up by the recipient cell • Conjugation: physical contact between two bacterial cells and transfer of DNA • Transduction: bacterial virus (phage) transfers the DNA from donor cell to recipient cell
Gene Transfer in Bacteria Gene transfer in bacteria Transformation Conjugation Transducti。n ce∥?2 Recipi Lysis of Don。rcel Donor ce∥ Recipient cell don。rcel releases DNA into medium. Donor cell Donor dNa is packaged plasmid in bacteriophage OO C Recipient Donor dna is Lysis of don。 or cell. cell transferred directly to Donor dNa is packaged recipient through in released bacteriophage connecting tube Contact and transfer are promoted by a specialized plasmid Donor dna is in the donor cell Donor dNa is transferred taken up by recipient. when phage particle infects recipient cell
Gene Transfer in Bacteria
Bacterial transformation Transformation involves uptake of DNA, followed by either recombination of the dna with the host chromosome or self-replication of DNA (plasmids). Genes that are close together on DNA can cotransform That is, alleles of both genes can be inserted on the same piece of DNA. Gene order can be determined by cotransformation
Bacterial transformation • Transformation involves uptake of DNA, followed by either recombination of the DNA with the host chromosome or self-replication of DNA (plasmids). • Genes that are close together on DNA can cotransform. That is, alleles of both genes can be inserted on the same piece of DNA. • Gene order can be determined by cotransformation