遗传学GENETICS4、性状（character):是指生物的形态特征、生理特性、行为本能、代谢等方面的总称。5、单位性状：个体表现的总体性状可区分为各单位之后的性状。例如：豌豆的花色、种子形状、株高、子叶颜色、豆荚形状及豆荚颜色(未成熟）。6、相对性状(contrasting trait):指同一单位性状的相对差异。如红花与白花、高秆与矮秆等
4、性状（character):是指生物的形态特征、 生理特性、行为本能、代谢等方面的总称。 5、单位性状：个体表现的总体性状可区分为 各单位之后的性状。例如：豌豆的花色、种 子形状、株高、子叶颜色、豆荚形状及豆荚 颜色(未成熟)。 6、相对性状(contrasting trait):指同一单位性 状的相对差异。如红花与白花、高秆与矮秆 等。 遗传学GENETICS
遗传学GENETICS·7、Phenotype(表现型）：生物体所表现的性状可以观测。如红花，白花。Any Character(trait) which can be shown tobe inherited, such as eye color, leaf , shape orinherited disease ， is referred to as aphenotype. A fly may be described as having ared-eyed phenotype
• 7、Phenotype(表现型）：生物体所表现的性状， 可以观测。如红花，白花。 Any Character(trait) which can be shown to be inherited, such as eye color, leaf ，shape or inherited disease ， is referred to as a phenotype. A fly may be described as having a red-eyed phenotype. 遗传学GENETICS
遗传学GENETICS8、Genotype(基因型）个体的基因组合即遗传组成；如花色基因型CC、Cc、cCThe pattern of genes that are responsible foriseinanindividualparticular phenotypereferred to as the genotype9、Pure-breeding lines(纯系）This refers to organisms which have beeninbred for many generations in which a certainphenotyperemainsthesame.可真实遗传
8、Genotype(基因型）个体的基因组合即遗传组成； 如花色基因型CC、Cc、cc The pattern of genes that are responsible for particular phenotype in an individual is referred to as the genotype. 9、Pure-breeding lines(纯系） This refers to organisms which have been inbred for many generations in which a certain phenotype remains the same. 可真实遗传 遗传学GENETICS
10、Dominance(显性）and Recessive(隐性in theWithin a species there may be differencesphenotype for one inherited character. In hybridsbetween two individual displaying different phenotypesonlyonephenotypemayBeobserved.Thephenotypeexpressed in the hybrids is said to bedominance（显性)andthe other recessive(隐性).Forinstance,in crosses ofpure-bred fruit flies with short wings with pure-bred longwings flies the will all long wings. The long wings aredominant to short wings
10、Dominance(显性）and Recessive(隐性) Within a species there may be differences in the phenotype for one inherited character. In hybrids between two individual displaying different phenotypes only one phenotype may Be observed. The phenotype expressed in the hybrids is said to be dominance（显性） and the other recessive(隐性). For instance, in crosses of pure-bred fruit flies with short wings with pure-bred longwings flies the will all long wings. The long wings are dominant to short wings
遗传学GENETICS二、1对相对性状杂交试验的遗传分析（一）试验材料7对具有相对性状的豌豆品种作为试验材料。（二）试验方法将具有相对性状的豌豆分别进行杂交，观察后代的性状表现
二、1 对相对性状杂交试验的遗传分析 （一）试验材料 7对具有相对性状的豌豆品种作为试验材料。 （二）试验方法 将具有相对性状的豌豆分别进行杂交，观 察后代的性状表现。 遗传学GENETICS