Vicilo M33:The Triangulum Galaxy GAGalaxy Evolution Explorer 多波段观测、研究天体重要： Domposite 2624 microns 同一天体的不同波段的辐射来 自不同（温度）的区域，和不同 物理过程相关 24 microns 8.0 mnicrono 3.6 microne ,不同观测波段，有各自的优势 Spiral Galaxy M81 Spitzer Space Telescope·MlpS·lRAC hscE Wubo lght [NO约 NfsA/JLCnoch/K.Cordon (ueicererol Ariroool S Wihoe [fareerd-Smithsonian CIA) x200208d ◆ 不同观测波段，观测仪器和方 法有各自特点→多波段天文
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Multi-wavelength Astronomy 波段 波长范围 温度 What can be studied Gamma 100keV- >108K accretion disks,gamma-ray bursts rays 100MeV X-rays <1-100keV 106.-108K Hot gas in clusters of galaxies,stellar coronae,accretion disks Ultra-violet 900-3000A 104.10K Hot stars,white dwarfs,SF Optical 3000A-1um 103.104K Sun-like stars Infra-red 1-1000m 10-103K Dust,planets,brown dwarfs Microwave 1cm <10K Background radiation of the Universe(remnant of Big Bang) Radio >1m <10K Radiation from electrons moving in a magnetic field:pulsars Astronomers used to think of themselves as either 'optical',radio','IR'or X- ray':different physical processes can be studied at different wavelengths
Multi-wavelength Astronomy ' ( 'EFG H I What can be studied Gamma rays 100keV- 100MeV >108K accretion disks, gamma-ray bursts X-rays <1-100keV 106-108K Hot gas in clusters of galaxies, stellar coronae, accretion disks Ultra-violet 900-3000Å 104-106K Hot stars, white dwarfs, SF Optical 3000Å-1µm 103-104K Sun-like stars Infra-red 1-1000 µm 10-103K Dust, planets, brown dwarfs Microwave 1cm <10K Background radiation of the Universe (remnant of Big Bang) Radio >1m <10K Radiation from electrons moving in a magnetic field: pulsars Astronomers used to think of themselves as either ‘optical’, ‘radio’, ‘IR’ or ‘XJ ray’$different physical processes can be studied at different wavelengths
2.红外天文 红外天文学：利用红外波段，研究天体的学科 2.1红外窗口 What Do We See In The Infrared? 2.2观测意义 stars 2.3观测特点 ust and gas near stars 2.4望远镜 interstellar matter 10,000°K Energy 1.000°K 100K 热图 Ultra- Visible Near Far violet Infrared Infrared
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Example Galaxy SEDs 109 ULIRG (CFRS 14.1139)x 106 10-10 1011 Starburst(M 82 (2-WM)"In 1012 Disk (M 101) 10-13 1014 Elliptical (NGC 5018) 1015 0.1 10 100 1000 Wavelength (um) Significant IR emission from both AGN and star formation
Example Galaxy SEDs Significant IR emission from both AGN and star formation
Discovery of the Infrared 1800年，英国天文学家威 廉·赫歇尔在研究太阳的热辐 glass 射时，偶然发现了“红外线” white light prism ◆发现一个奇怪的现象：放在光带 红光之外的一支温度计，比室内 其他温度计的指示数值高 ◆波长比“光学波段红光”长的电 磁波，具有明显热效应，人能感 in shadow 觉到而看不见 to measure ambient temperature increasing wavelength- gamma X-rays ultra- violet microwaves radar radio waves rays light 红外波长区间？ 0co28 feel warmth- illuminated with 0.7 1.000 single color micrometers
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