I.KidneysA.General organization1.Introduction:an inner medullaan outer cortexEachkidneyhasaconcaveborder,the hilum,wherebloodvesselscommunicateand ureter exit thekidneyThe renal pelvis,theexpandedupperend oftheureter,branchesandrebranches into major calycesand minor calyces.2. Capsule: CT containing richfatCapsulecells.3.anouter cortex64.an inner medullaminor calycesmajor calyces
6 A. General organization 1. Introduction: v Each kidney has a concave border, the hilum, where blood vessels communicate and ureter exit the kidney. v The renal pelvis, the expanded upper end of the ureter, branches and rebranches into major calyces and minor calyces. 2. Capsule: CT containing rich fat cells. Ⅱ. Kidneys Capsule an outer cortex an inner medulla minor calyces major calyces 3. an outer cortex 4. an inner medulla
Whatisa renal lobe?Arenal lobeconsists of arenalpyramidtogether with its closely associated corticaltissueWhat is a renal lobule?Arenallobule consists of a singlemedullary ray and the cortical tissue thatsurrounditTubules which form urineUriniferous tubule
7 What is a renal lobule? A renal lobe consists of a renal pyramid, together with its closely associated cortical tissue A renal lobule consists of a single medullary ray and the cortical tissue that surround it What is a renal lobe? Uriniferous tubule Tubules which form urine
5.Kidney-(microscopicCollectingtubulestructure)--containstwoprincipalportions,which are·nephrons公-isconcernedwithurineformation·collecting duct system(collectingtubulesandducts,etc).-carry out a final concentrationofurinarysolutetoformthecollecting ducthypertonicurine
8 Collecting tubule collecting duct 5. Kidney-(microscopic structure) -contains two principal portions, which are nephrons -is concerned with urine- formation collecting duct system (collecting tubules and ducts, etc). -carry out a final concentration of urinary solute to form the hypertonic urine
distal convoluted tubule6.Introduction of nephrons :●The structural and functionalunit of kidneyIt consists of:Proximalrenalcorpuscle(includes)tubule--renal glomerulusDistar-glomeruluscapsuletubulerenal tubule (includes):Thinsegment--proximalconvoluted tubules--thinandthick limbs of Henle'sloop--distalconvolutedtubules
9 6. Introduction of nephrons : The structural and functional unit of kidney. It consists of: renal corpuscle (includes): -renal glomerulus -glomerulus capsule renal tubule (includes): -proximal convoluted tubules -thin and thick limbs of Henle’s loop -distal convoluted tubules. distal convoluted tubule Proximal tubule Distal tubule Thin segment
B.Nephrons&is the functional unitof thekidneycortexthere are over a millionnephrons in one kidneyconsists of1.renalcorpuscle2medulla2.renaltubuleClassification:twotypes-corticalnephrons--juxtamedullarynephrons
10 B. Nephrons v is the functional unit of the kidney v there are over a million nephrons in one kidney v consists of 1. renal corpuscle 2. renal tubule v Classification: two types - cortical nephrons - juxtamedullary nephrons medulla cortex 1 2