CH2COOH HOOC COOH CH CHCH2COOH Br CH2COOH H H 3-溴丁酸 丁二酸 顺一丁烯二酸 β-溴丁酸 琥珀酸 马来酸 β-bromobutanoic acid butandioic acid cis-2-butendioic acid 命名含脂环和芳环的羧酸时，以脂环和芳环做取 代基，脂肪酸做母体。例如： COOH CHCOOH CHCH>COOH CH3 苯甲酸 2-萘乙酸 3一环己基丁酸 benzoic acid 2-naphthylacetic acid 3-cyclohexylbutanoic acid
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CH3 CH2CH3 H3C—C—CH=CHCO,H H;C- COCH2CO2H 4-甲基-4-苯基-2-戊烯酸 4-甲基-4-苯基-3-己酮酸 CO2H CO2H OCH3 OH 间甲氧基苯甲酸 3羟基环戊烷酸
systematic IUPAC names replace "-e"ending of alkane with "oic acid" Systematic Name methanoic acid ethanoic acid octadecanoic acid
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common names are based on natural origin rather than structure Systematic Name Common Name methanoic acid formic acid H 0 ethanoic acid acetic acid octadecanoic acid stearic acid
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Systematic Name Common Name CH3 OH 2-hydroxypropanoic lactic acid OH acid CH3(CH2)7 (CH2)7 OH (Z)-9-octadecenoic oleic acid acid
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