幻灯片15Classification ofcomputational chemistryQuantummechanics-based/Quantumchemistry=ElectronicstructurecalculationAbinitiocalculations.Semi-empiricalmethods·First-principlescalculations/DensityFunctionalTheory.DensityFunctional Tight Binding.Molecularmechanics-based:Molecularmodeling/simulation(moleculardynamics,coarse-grainedmethods)计算化学的内部分类1、基于量子力学的方法:I、从头算方法,化学领域常用,一般指非DFT的方法:II、半经验方法:简化的从头算方法I川、基于DFT的方法,第一性原理计算,第一性原理f-p之中的-可有可无,s必须有。物理、材料领域多用,一般研究的周期性体系模型:2、基于分子力学Molecularmechanics【原子=小球,键=弹簧的力场+牛顿力学】的分子模拟一般用来算更大的体系。包括MD,粗粒化方法。3、本门课将混用电子结构计算、量子化学和计算化学。细微的差异需要根据上下文区分。但主要讲述电子结构计算
幻灯片 15 15 Classification of computational chemistry • Quantum mechanics-based/Quantum chemistry ≈ Electronic structure calculation • Ab initio calculations • Semi-empirical methods • First-principles calculations/Density Functional Theory • Density Functional Tight Binding • Molecular mechanics-based • Molecular modeling/simulation (molecular dynamics, coarse-grained methods) 计算化学的内部分类 1、基于量子力学的方法: I、从头算方法,化学领域常用,一般指非DFT的方法; II、半经验方法:简化的从头算方法 III、基于DFT的方法,第一性原理计算,第一性原理f-p 之中的-可有可无,s必 须有。物理、材料领域多用,一般研究的周期性体系模型; 2、基于分子力学Molecular mechanics【原子=小球,键=弹簧的力场+牛顿力 学】的分子模拟一般用来算更大的体系。包括MD,粗粒化方法。 3、本门课将混用电子结构计算、量子化学和计算化学。细微的差异需要根据上 下文区分。但主要讲述电子结构计算
幻灯片16Plasticmolecularmodels1.Assemblefromstandardparts;2.Fixed bond lengths and coordination geometries;3.Good enough fromqualitativemodelingof the structureofsomemolecules;4. Easy and cheap to use;5.Provideagoodfeelingforthe3Dstructureofmolecules;6.No information on properties,energetics or reactivity塑料分子模型1、球棒模型(ball-and-stick),强调键的形态,单双等。2、填充模型(spacefillingmodel),强调体积,分子形状。3、计算软件中也多半用这两种模型表示分子。4、计算就是对这种模型进行精确化的过程。【计算模型虽然与塑料模型形式相同,但是对其间的电荷、键强的描述完全不同】5,10-Year-OldAccidentallyCreatesNewMoleculeinScienceClassClara Lazen is the discoverer of tetranitratoxycarbon, a molecule constructed ofobviously, oxygen,nitrogen,and carbon.Lazenislistedastheco-authorofarecentpaper(ComputationalandTheoreticalChemistry IF=1.4) on the molecule.https://www.popsci.com/science/article/2012-02/10-year-old-accidentally-creates-new-explosive-molecule-science-class/
幻灯片 16 Plastic molecular models 1. Assemble from standard parts; 2. Fixed bond lengths and coordination geometries; 3. Good enough from qualitative modeling of the structure of some molecules; 4. Easy and cheap to use; 5. Provide a good feeling for the 3D structure of molecules; 6. No information on properties, energetics or reactivity 16 塑料分子模型 1、球棒模型(ball-and-stick),强调键的形态,单双等。 2、填充模型(spacefilling model),强调体积,分子形状。 3、计算软件中也多半用这两种模型表示分子。 4、计算就是对这种模型进行精确化的过程。【计算模型虽然与塑料模型形式相 同,但是对其间的电荷、键强的描述完全不同】 5、10-Year-Old Accidentally Creates New Molecule in Science Class Clara Lazen is the discoverer of tetranitratoxycarbon, a molecule constructed of, obviously, oxygen, nitrogen, and carbon. Lazen is listed as the co-author of a recent paper (Computational and Theoretical Chemistry IF=1.4) on the molecule. https://www.popsci.com/science/article/2012-02/10-year-old-accidentally-createsnew-explosive-molecule-science-class/