selector units located at the top of the machine. Theeration of planting absorbs 2 to 3hp.If there is a hard pan a few centimetres belowsurface@, the wheels of the machine sink dowa to twhile the belly of the machine lies on the surface. Ifpan is non-existent the wheels are removed and the nnorechine is towed like a pontoon over the surface of the mTheRemovable pneumatic wheels are provided for transportting,and from the site.stab-closeSeeding placingSeedling stop netboerd,EnginbeenthatopedFloaeightandWheolzinesCutter(plantingarEachFixededgeljust-Soedlingfeedrolled le-Fig.5.PaddyTransplanterseed-Another new type of machine glides on the soil slvingface,as shown in Fig.5.The machine is motor-drivtakeplants two rows at a time, using the continuous band tye fur-of seedlings. The band of seedlings on the seedling boavern-is carried to the fixed edge by the seedling feed roll, whanda cutter divides the seedlings into blocks for planting@.TItisseedling stop net controls the movement of seedlingsdjust-the placing board and also helps the seedlings to movefthe
to the planting system.The height of the net is adjusted tothe size of seedlings@.China has been active in experimenting with new de-signs of transplanting machines suitable for use on smallpaddy areas. It is reported that the first transplanter wasmade at the East China Agricultural Research Institute atNanking in 1956. Since then improvements have been ef-fected and in 1959 seven models were selected as suitablefor extensive use. Five are hand-operated, one is drawn byan animal and one oither by animal or tractor.Anothertype under trial is cable-drawn. Even the simplest is saidto work three times faster than by hand transplantingThe simplest machine is made chicfly of wood and bamboo.It consists of a box containing the seedlings set in a smoothbase which glides on the muddy surface of the field; a pin-cer grasps and plants along seven rows with every step by theoperator and can plant about half an acre in ten hours.Words and Expressionspaddy【'pedi）n.看，谷，水稻田（=处，优点~field)attempt[o'tempt]n.企图，试图transplanter[traens'plarnto]n.插devise[di'vaiz]vt，设计，发明狭机，移模机；移植者Italy['itoli]n.意大利paddy（orrice)~水稻插秧机take-off【"teik'o:]n.取出，输出consume[kon'sju:m]vt.消费，消(轴）耗，浪费power~动力输出轴agronomic[egro'nomik]a.农学equip[ikwip]vt.装备，配备的，农艺学的spike[spaik]n、钉齿，杷齿derive[di'raiv]vt.取得，得到，引伸seedling['siidlin]n.筷苗，籽苗出nursery['narsri]n.秧田苗面Asian【"eifan]a.亚洲的，亚洲人的；magazine[mego'ziin]n.箱；仓库理.亚洲人料斗mechanization[.mekonai'zeifon]n.seedling~秋箱机械化operator[oporeita]n，操作人员merit['merit】t.值得，应受n.长minor'maina]a.较小的，较少的24
ocatelou'keit].把...设置在tedtopneumatic [nju(:)'metik] a.空使坐落于的：（可）充空气的grip[grip】vt.握（或咬、夹)牢glide[glaid]vi.滑动，滑行wde-pincers[pinsoz]【复］n.秋夹，铁band[baend]n.带small钳，钳子board[bo:d]n.板，木板govern['gAvon】vt.支配，决定控seedling~秋板was制edge[eda]n.边，边缘；刀口iteatregulate['regjuleit]vt.调整，调节roll[roul]n辑（一)卷nef-管理seedlingfeed~送狭辑density[densiti]n密集（度），调密itablecutter["kata】n.狭刀切割器(度)ynbyblock[blok]n.()组，东dinension[di'menfon]n.尺寸+net[net]n.网，网状物nother【复门面积，容积，大小seedling stop~挡狭网saidselector[si'lekta]】n.挑选者；选择器active["ektiv]】a.积极的，有活ingo.~unit分换装置力的absorb[ob'so:b】vt.吸收，吸引mboo.east[iist]n东（方），东都，a.pan[paen]n,（不透水的)硬土层方（部）的noothsink[sink】（过去式sank[saenk]或East China 华东apin-Sunk[sAnkDvi.下沉，下落research[ri'sa:tn.研究工作pythebelly["beli]n.（机身）腹部，机腹查non-existent['nonig'zistont] a,不efect[i'fekt]vt.产生，实现urs.存在的extensive[iks'tensiv]a.广泛的，tow[tou]vt，拖，拉，牵引大的pontoon[pon'tuin]n.平底船，浮舟draw[dro:]yt.拉，拖，拔mad【mAd]n.（软泥，泥浆chiefly['tfi:fi]】ad.主要地，尤其式图removable[ri'mu:vab]a.可移动bamboo[baem'bu:]n.竹明的，可拆装的；可去除的grasp[grarsp]vt.抓住车输出Notes@Handtransplantingis a siowprocess,consumingmorelabourthaanyother operationinpaddyplanting.句中分调短语consumingplanting为非限制性定语，修饰process；非限制性定语一般用逗号和籽苗修饰的名词（或代词）分开，表示一种附加的说明。全句可译为：手工插秧是画一项很慢的作业，比水种植中任何其他作业都要费力。；仓库；② In only a few countries have serious attempts been made to devistransplantingmachines，“only十状语"置于句首时，句子的主谓语一要倒装或部分倒装，故本句中助动词have置于主语seriousattempts之人员前。本句可译为：目前还只有少数几个国家在认真地设计插缺机。安少的2
@leavethemplanted inthe furrow：（使它们）裁植在秧沟黑。eave+宾语十过去分调作宾语补足语”时，leave含有“使、让"的意忍。④afewcentimetresbelowthesurface:在表层泥士的下面几公分的地方。@where a cutter divides the seedlingsintoblocksforplanting:(在此)由秧刀将秧苗分成束以便下插。where为关系副词引导非限制性定语从句，修饰thefixededge。?Theheight of the net is adjusted to the sizeof seedlings.档秧网的高度可根据苗尺寸进行调节。介词to在此表示“按照，根据”。Even the simplest is said to work three times faster than by handtransplanting.“besaid十不定式”意为“据说，可认为”，thesimplest后省略了model。本句可译为：据说连最简单的插秧机也要比手工插秧快三倍。26
'eave+的地方。(在此)6.CULTIVATORS定语从当秧网的If we say the purpose of a cultivator is to kill weedwe can include the flame throwersand chemical ayyhandplicators as cultivators@. But we generally think of a cuplest后tivator as tilling the ground, stirring, aerating, and mulch看秧快三ing the soil as well as killing weeds.So we shall descritonly the tools that work the soil; the flamer and chemic:tools work entirely differently. Hence we shall discusground-working equipment.Mounted cultivators are carried either at the front rear of the tractor. Front-mounted@ means ahead of thoperator or the rear tractor wheels, even though part the cultivator may be carried behind the rear wheels teliminate the wheel marksRear-mounted cultivators are usually attached to thtractor through the hydraulic linkage,giving good lift control and quick attachment@.But many operators do nolike to look behind frequently to see how the rear-mountecultivator is operating. Supposedly, you need not do soyou keep the front-axle guide over one row.If the cultivator is not mounted, it must trail on itown wheels. That is the case with field cultivators.Itieasy to attach or detach this type when you want to usthe tractor for some other yurpose.Some types of cultivators are not used to cultivateroycrops but to till and mulch field crops. Thus we have row2