3.CAUSES OF HEART FAILURE Underlying causes ischemic heart disease Cardiomyopathies and hypertensive heart disease congenital,valvular heard disease 6
6 3. CAUSES OF HEART FAILURE Underlying causes ischemic heart disease Cardiomyopathies and hypertensive heart disease congenital, valvular heard disease
In evaluating patients with HF,it is important to identify not only the underlying but also the precipitating cause.Although a heart disease is already existed,it may be adequately compensated under normal circumstances.The additional load imposed by a precipitating can cause further deterioration of cardiac function
In evaluating patients with HF, it is important to identify not only the underlying but also the precipitating cause. Although a heart disease is already existed, it may be adequately compensated under normal circumstances. The additional load imposed by a precipitating can cause further deterioration of cardiac function
CAUSES OF HEART FAILURE Precipitating causes 1) infections arrhythmias 3 Physical,dietary,fluid,environmental, and emotional Excesses. 4) Acute myocardial infarction 5 Pulmonary Embolism 6) Anemia 7)Thyrotoxicosis 8)Aggravation of Hypertension 9) Inappropriate treatment 10)Cardiac disease becomes severe or other diseases occur 8
8 CAUSES OF HEART FAILURE 1) infections 2) arrhythmias 3) Physical, dietary, fluid, environmental, and emotional Excesses. 4) Acute myocardial infarction 5) Pulmonary Embolism 6) Anemia 7) Thyrotoxicosis 8) Aggravation of Hypertension 9) Inappropriate treatment 10)Cardiac disease becomes severe or other diseases occur Precipitating causes
A systematic search for these precipitating causes should be made in every patient with the new development or recent intensification of HF. The prognosis in patients with HF in whom a precipitating cause can be identified,treated,and eliminated is more favorable than in patients in whom the underlying disease process has progressed to the point of producing HF without a detectable precipitating cause
A systematic search for these precipitating causes should be made in every patient with the new development or recent intensification of HF. The prognosis in patients with HF in whom a precipitating cause can be identified, treated, and eliminated is more favorable than in patients in whom the underlying disease process has progressed to the point of producing HF without a detectable precipitating cause
4.MECHANISMS OF HEART FAILURE 10
10 4. MECHANISMS OF HEART FAILURE