Ideal GasLawI:PistonAirH:MercuryU-tube (mercurymanometer)Whenpushingthepiston,theairinsideredboxwill becompressedH,=compressedairvolume(V),andHm=compressedairpressure(P).Inthisway,Boylefoundthat:Robert Boyle,anIrish born in1627,isthefirstonetoexploreP × V=Constantthe natureof gas byexperiments.6PolyUBEEEDrXinyanHuang6
PolyU BEEE 6 Dr Xinyan Huang Ideal Gas Law 6 Robert Boyle, an Irish born in 1627, is the first one to explore the nature of gas by experiments. Piston U-tube (mercury manometer) Mercury Air Ha Hm • When pushing the piston, the air inside red box will be compressed. • Ha = compressed air volume (V), and Hm = compressed air pressure (P). • In this way, Boyle found that: P × V = Constant
Ideal GasLawhttps://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boyle%27slawRobert Boyle,anIrish born inNCSSM1627,isthefirstonetoexploreOnlinethenatureofgasbyexperiments.7PolyUBEEEDrXinyan Huang
PolyU BEEE 7 Dr Xinyan Huang Ideal Gas Law 7 Robert Boyle, an Irish born in 1627, is the first one to explore the nature of gas by experiments. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Boyle%27s_law
IdealGasLawWhatCharlesfoundisthat at afixedpressure,the divisionofgasvolume(V)bytemperature (T)isalsoconstant.MassABRRFrozen:Mass&PressCVol651.50250HARIRSPress.Temp.JacquesCharles,aFrenchbornin1746vwhoisfamousforhisrecognitioninthe=Constantrelationshipbetweengasvolume (V)andTtemperature (T).8PolyUBEEEDrXinyanHuang8
PolyU BEEE 8 Dr Xinyan Huang Ideal Gas Law 8 Jacques Charles, a French born in 1746, who is famous for his recognition in the relationship between gas volume (V) and temperature (T). • What Charles found is that at a fixed pressure, the division of gas volume (V) by temperature (T) is also constant. V = Constant T
Ideal GasLawBoyle'law:P:ConstantTP X V=ConstantCharles'law:v= ConstantTLussac'law:Gay Lussac,a Frenchbornin1778,famousforhisfindingPthat wateris made oftwoparts=ConstantPrestipeTof hydrogen and one part ofoxygen.9PolyUBEEEDrXinyan Husng
PolyU BEEE 9 Dr Xinyan Huang Ideal Gas Law 9 Gay Lussac, a French born in 1778, famous for his finding that water is made of two parts of hydrogen and one part of oxygen. P × V T × NA = Constant P × V = Constant Boyle’ law: V = Constant T Charles’ law: P × V T × NA = Constant Lussac’ law:
IdealGasLawAfixedvolumeofgasthatV= Constantcontains Naparticlesis calledNA1 mol of gas.AmedeoAvogadro,anItalianbornin1776famousforhis findingofAvogadroconstant Na=6.02× 1023.10PolyUBEEEDrXinyanHuaog
PolyU BEEE 10 Dr Xinyan Huang Ideal Gas Law 10 Amedeo Avogadro, an Italian born in 1776, famous for his finding of Avogadro constant NA = 6.02 × 1023 . V = Constant NA • A fixed volume of gas that contains NA particles is called • 1 mol of gas