Examples of derivational rules DEVOICING: A voiced obstruent becomes voiceless after a voiceless obstruent O-INSERTION: Insert a] between two adjacent sibilants in the same word
11 Examples of derivational rules ◼ DEVOICING: A voiced obstruent becomes voiceless after a voiceless obstruent. ◼ ə-INSERTION: Insert [ə] between two adjacent sibilants in the same word
Examples of constraints *SIBSIB: sibilants cannot occur cnosecutively within a word *a VOICE: consecutive obstruents must be identical in voicing within a syllable MAX-IO: deletion of segment is prohibited DEP-IO: insertion of segment is prohibited IDENT-IO: input segment and the corresponding output must be identical
12 Examples of constraints ◼ *SIBSIB: sibilants cannot occur cnosecutively within a word. ◼ *VOICE−VOICE: consecutive obstruents must be identical in voicing within a syllable. ◼ MAX-IO: deletion of segment is prohibited. ◼ DEP-IO: insertion of segment is prohibited. ◼ IDENT-IO: input segment and the corresponding output must be identical
2. Linear Phonology a Make the rules as general as possible Use Distinctive Features") instead of individual sound segments when writing the rules
13 2. Linear Phonology ◼ Make the rules as general as possible. ◼ Use “Distinctive Features” instead of individual sound segments when writing the rules
Distinctive Features The idea of distinctive Features was first developed by roman Jacobson (1896-1982) in the 1940s as a means of working out a set of phonological contrasts or oppositions to capture particular aspects of language sounds Since then several versions have been suggested
14 Distinctive Features ◼ The idea of Distinctive Features was first developed by Roman Jacobson (1896-1982) in the 1940s as a means of working out a set of phonological contrasts or oppositions to capture particular aspects of language sounds. Since then several versions have been suggested