3.Classification ■Resonance Normal Hyperresonance Emphysema Tympany Cavity or pneumothorax Dullness Hydrothorax,atelectasis Flatness ▣Massive Hydrothorax
3. Classification ◼ Resonance Normal ◼ Hyperresonance Emphysema ◼ Tympany Cavity or pneumothorax ◼ Dullness Hydrothorax, atelectasis ◼ Flatness Massive Hydrothorax
4.Normal sound Lung's sound in percussion ▣Resonance Slight dullness in some areas (upper,right,back) due to thickness of muscles and skeletons
4. Normal sound Lung’s sound in percussion Resonance Slight dullness in some areas (upper, right, back) due to thickness of muscles and skeletons
4.Normal sound Border of lungs in percussion ▣Apex of lungs Kronig's isthmus:5cm in width ■ Narrow:TB,fibrosis ■wider::emphysema ▣Anterior border absolute cardiac dullness area ▣Lower border ■ 6th,8th,10th intercostal space in midclavicular line, midaxillary line,scapular line,respectively Down:emphysema Up:atelectasis,intraabdominal pressure goes up
4. Normal sound Border of lungs in percussion Apex of lungs ◼ Kronig’s isthmus: 5cm in width ◼ Narrow: TB, fibrosis ◼ wider: emphysema Anterior border ◼ absolute cardiac dullness area Lower border ◼ 6 th, 8th, 10th intercostal space in midclavicular line, midaxillary line, scapular line, respectively ◼ Down: emphysema ◼ Up: atelectasis, intraabdominal pressure goes up
4.Normal sound Shifting range of bottom of lung Along the scapular line ↓ Percussing bottom of lung,marking Shifting range of bottom of lung Asking the pat.to inspire deeply and hold Percussing bottom of lung,marking 6-8cm Asking the pat.to expire deeply and hold Percussing bottom of lung,marking Decreased:emphysema,atelactasis, fibrosis,pulmo.edema,pneumonia Measuring the dist.between upper and lower lines Detected impossibly:pleura adhesion, massive hydrothorax,pneumothorax, diaphragmatic paralysis
4. Normal sound s Shifting range of bottom of lung 6-8 cm Shifting range of bottom of lung Along the scapular line Percussing bottom of lung, marking Asking the pat. to inspire deeply and hold Percussing bottom of lung, marking Asking the pat. to expire deeply and hold Percussing bottom of lung, marking Measuring the dist. between upper and lower lines ◼ Decreased: emphysema, atelactasis, fibrosis, pulmo. edema, pneumonia ◼ Detected impossibly: pleura adhesion, massive hydrothorax, pneumothorax, diaphragmatic paralysis
5.Abnormal sound Dullness,flatness,hyperresonance or tympany appear in the area of supposed resonance. Unchanged sound (resonance) The depth of the lesion 5 cm The diameter of the lesion 3 cm Mild hydrothorax
5. Abnormal sound Dullness, flatness, hyperresonance or tympany appear in the area of supposed resonance. Unchanged sound (resonance) ◼ The depth of the lesion > 5 cm ◼ The diameter of the lesion 3 cm ◼ Mild hydrothorax