MECHANICSOfMATERIALSSeventhEditionBeerJohnstonDeWolfMazurek
SeventhEditionMechanics of MaterialsFerdinandP.BeerLate of LehighUniversityE.Russell Johnston,Jr.Lateof Universityof ConnecticutJohnT.DeWolfUniversity of ConnecticutDavidF.MazurekUnited States CoastGuard AcademyMcGrawHillEducation
Seventh Edition Mechanics of Materials Ferdinand P. Beer Late of Lehigh University E. Russell Johnston, Jr. Late of University of Connecticut John T. DeWolf University of Connecticut David F. Mazurek United States Coast Guard Academy bee98233_FM_i-xvi_1.indd i 11/15/13 10:21 AM
McGrawEducationMECHANICSOFMATERIALS,SEVENTHEDITIONPublished by McGraw-Hill Education, 2 Penn Plaza, New York, NY 10121. Copyright 2015 byMcGraw-Hill Education.All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America.Previous editions 2012, 2009, 2006, and 2002. No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in anyform or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written consentof McGraw-Hill Education, including, but not limited to, in any network or other electronic storage ortransmission, or broadcast for distance learningSome ancillaries, including electronic and print components, may not be available to customers outsidethe United States.This book is printed on acid-free paper1234567890QVR/QVR109876543210ISBN 978-0-07-339823-5MHID 0-07-339823-3Senior Vice President, Products &Markets:Kurt L. StrandVicePresident,GeneralManager:MartyLangeVice President, Content Production&Technology Services: Kimberly Meriuwether DavidEditorial Director:Thomas TimpGlobalBrandManager:RaghothamanSrinivasanBrand Manager: Bill StenquistMarketing Manager: Heather WagnerProduct Developer: Robin ReedDirector, Content Production: Terri SchieslContent Project Manager: Jolynn KilburgBuyer:NicholeBirkenholzMedia Project Manager: Sandra SchneePhoto Research:CarrieK.BurgerIn-HouseDesigner:MatthewBackhausCover Designer: Matt BackhausCover Image Credit:WalterBibikowCompositor:RPKEditorialServices,IncTypeface:9.5/12 Utopia StdPrinter:Quad/GraphicsAll credits appearing on page or at the end of the book are considered to be an extension of thecopyright page.The photo on the cover shows the steel sculpture "Venture" by Alex Liberman (1912-1999) in front ofthe Bank of America Building in Dallas, Texas. The building is supported by a combination of structuralsteel and reinforced concrete.Library of Congress Cataloging-in-PublicationData on FileThe Intermet addresses listed in the text were accurate at the time of publication. The inclusion of awebsite does not indicate an endorsement by the authors or McGraw-Hill Education, and McGraw-HillEducationdoesnotguaranteetheaccuracyoftheinformationpresentedatthesesites.www.mhhe.com
MECHANICS OF MATERIALS, SEVENTH EDITION Published by McGraw-Hill Education, 2 Penn Plaza, New York, NY 10121. Copyright © 2015 by McGraw-Hill Education. All rights reserved. Printed in the United States of America. Previous editions © 2012, 2009, 2006, and 2002. No part of this publication may be reproduced or distributed in any form or by any means, or stored in a database or retrieval system, without the prior written consent of McGraw-Hill Education, including, but not limited to, in any network or other electronic storage or transmission, or broadcast for distance learning. Some ancillaries, including electronic and print components, may not be available to customers outside the United States. This book is printed on acid-free paper. 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 0 QVR/QVR 1 0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 1 0 ISBN 978-0-07-339823-5 MHID 0-07-339823-3 Senior Vice President, Products & Markets: Kurt L. Strand Vice President, General Manager: Marty Lange Vice President, Content Production & Technology Services: Kimberly Meriwether David Editorial Director: Thomas Timp Global Brand Manager: Raghothaman Srinivasan Brand Manager: Bill Stenquist Marketing Manager: Heather Wagner Product Developer: Robin Reed Director, Content Production: Terri Schiesl Content Project Manager: Jolynn Kilburg Buyer: Nichole Birkenholz Media Project Manager: Sandra Schnee Photo Research: Carrie K. Burger In-House Designer: Matthew Backhaus Cover Designer: Matt Backhaus Cover Image Credit: ©Walter Bibikow Compositor: RPK Editorial Services, Inc. Typeface: 9.5/12 Utopia Std Printer: Quad/Graphics All credits appearing on page or at the end of the book are considered to be an extension of the copyright page. The photo on the cover shows the steel sculpture “Venture” by Alex Liberman (1912-1999) in front of the Bank of America Building in Dallas, Texas. The building is supported by a combination of structural steel and reinforced concrete. Library of Congress Cataloging-in-Publication Data on File The Internet addresses listed in the text were accurate at the time of publication. The inclusion of a website does not indicate an endorsement by the authors or McGraw-Hill Education, and McGraw-Hill Education does not guarantee the accuracy of the information presented at these sites. www.mhhe.com bee98233_FM_i-xvi_1.indd ii 11/15/13 10:21 AM
About the AuthorsJohnTDeWolf, Professor of Civil Engineering attheUniversityof Connecticut, joined the Beer and Johnston team as an author on the secondedition of Mechanics of Materials. John holds a B.S. degree in civil engi-neering from the University of Hawaii and M.E. and Ph.D. degrees instructural engineering from Cornell University. He is a Fellow of the Amer-ican Society of Civil Engineers and a member of the Connecticut Academyof Scienceand Engineering.He isa registered Professional Engineer anda member of the Connecticut Board of Professional Engineers.He wasselected asaUniversityofConnecticutTeachingFellowin2006.Profes-sional interests include elastic stability, bridge monitoring, and structuralanalysis and design.DavidF.Mazurek,Professor of Civil Engineering at the United StatesCoast Guard Academy, joined the Beer and Johnston team as an authoron the fifth edition. David holds a B.S. degree in ocean engineering andan M.S. degree in civil engineering from the Florida Institute of Technol-ogy, and a Ph.D. degree in civil engineering from the University of Con-necticut.He is a registered Professional Engineer.He has served on theAmerican Railway Engineering & Maintenance of Way Association's Com-mittee 15-Steel Structures since 1991. He is a Fellow of the AmericanSociety of Civil Engineers, and was elected into the Connecticut Academyof Science and Engineering in 2013. Professional interests include bridgeengineering,structural forensics,andblast-resistant design.ii
iii About the Authors John T. DeWolf, Professor of Civil Engineering at the University of Connecticut, joined the Beer and Johnston team as an author on the second edition of Mechanics of Materials. John holds a B.S. degree in civil engineering from the University of Hawaii and M.E. and Ph.D. degrees in structural engineering from Cornell University. He is a Fellow of the American Society of Civil Engineers and a member of the Connecticut Academy of Science and Engineering. He is a registered Professional Engineer and a member of the Connecticut Board of Professional Engineers. He was selected as a University of Connecticut Teaching Fellow in 2006. Professional interests include elastic stability, bridge monitoring, and structural analysis and design. David F. Mazurek, Professor of Civil Engineering at the United States Coast Guard Academy, joined the Beer and Johnston team as an author on the fifth edition. David holds a B.S. degree in ocean engineering and an M.S. degree in civil engineering from the Florida Institute of Technology, and a Ph.D. degree in civil engineering from the University of Connecticut. He is a registered Professional Engineer. He has served on the American Railway Engineering & Maintenance of Way Association’s Committee 15—Steel Structures since 1991. He is a Fellow of the American Society of Civil Engineers, and was elected into the Connecticut Academy of Science and Engineering in 2013. Professional interests include bridge engineering, structural forensics, and blast-resistant design. bee98233_FM_i-xvi_1.indd iii 11/15/13 10:21 AM
ContentsPrefaceixGuided Tour3xiliListofSymbolsXVIntroductionConceptofStress31.1Reviewof TheMethodsofStatics41.2StressesintheMembersofaStructure:71.327StressonanObliquePlaneUnderAxial Loading1.4Stress Under General Loading Conditions; Componentsof Stress 281.531DesignConsiderationsReviewand Summary44Stress and Strain-AxialLoading552.1AnIntroductiontoStressandStrain572.2StaticallyIndeterminateProblems782.3Problems InvolvingTemperatureChanges822.4Poisson'sRatio942.5Multiaxial Loading:Generalized Hooke'sLaw95*2.6Dilatationand BulkModulus972.7Shearing Strain992.8DeformationsUnderAxial Loading-Relation Between E,v,andG102*2.9Stress-StrainRelationshipsForFiber-ReinforcedCompositeMaterials1042.10Stress and Strain Distribution Under Axial Loading:Saint-Venant's Principle1152.11Stress Concentrations 1172.12PlasticDeformations119*2.13Residual Stresses123133Review and Summary*Advanced or specialty topicsiv
iv Contents Preface ix Guided Tour xiii List of Symbols xv 1 Introduction—Concept of Stress 3 1.1 Review of The Methods of Statics 4 1.2 Stresses in the Members of a Structure 7 1.3 Stress on an Oblique Plane Under Axial Loading 27 1.4 Stress Under General Loading Conditions; Components of Stress 28 1.5 Design Considerations 31 Review and Summary 44 2 Stress and Strain—Axial Loading 55 2.1 An Introduction to Stress and Strain 57 2.2 Statically Indeterminate Problems 78 2.3 Problems Involving Temperature Changes 82 2.4 Poisson’s Ratio 94 2.5 Multiaxial Loading: Generalized Hooke’s Law 95 *2.6 Dilatation and Bulk Modulus 97 2.7 Shearing Strain 99 2.8 Deformations Under Axial Loading—Relation Between E, n, and G 102 *2.9 Stress-Strain Relationships For Fiber-Reinforced Composite Materials 104 2.10 Stress and Strain Distribution Under Axial Loading: SaintVenant’s Principle 115 2.11 Stress Concentrations 117 2.12 Plastic Deformations 119 *2.13 Residual Stresses 123 Review and Summary 133 *Advanced or specialty topics bee98233_FM_i-xvi_1.indd iv 11/15/13 10:21 AM