Four major functional events of respiration 1. Pulmonary ventilation (肺通气) ENTILATION (1) ■2 Gas exchange(气体 O, cO GAS EXCHANGE② 交换) ung Tissue S TRANSPORT Left 3.Gas transport in blood Systemic circulation (气体运输 GAS EXCHANGE (4) 4.Cellular respiration (细胞呼吸) CELLULAR RESPIRATION⑤)
Four major functional events of respiration ◼ 1.Pulmonary ventilation （肺通气） ◼ 2.Gas exchange （气体 交换） – Lung – Tissue ◼ 3.Gas transport in blood （气体运输） ◼ 4.Cellular respiration （细胞呼吸）
0 Ventilation: Exchange of air between atmosphere and alveoli by bulk flow 2 Exchange of O2 and CO, between alveolar air and blood in Process of lung capillaries by diffusion 3 Transport of O, and CO through pulmonary and systemic respiration: circulation by bulk flow o Exchange of O, and CO, between blood in tissue capillaries and cells in tissues by diffusion 6 Cellular utilization of O, and production of CO2 Be Atmospher VEntilation Alveoli 02cO2@Gas exchange Blood flow Blood flow Pulmonary circulation Right 3 Gas transport Left heart Systemic circulation o,CO, 4 Gas exchange S Cellular respiration
Process of Fig. 13.06 respiration:
Respiratory process Atmosphere VENTILATION (1) 1. External Alveoli O2 co GAS EXCHANGE②2) respiration 外呼吸 Pulmonary circulation 2. Gas GAS TRANSPORT(3) heart transport Systemic circulation 气体运输 T GAS EXCHANGE (4) 3. Internal respiration CELLULAR RESPIRATION⑤) 内呼吸
Respiratory process 1. External respiration 外呼吸 3. Internal respiration 内呼吸 2. Gas transport 气体运输
Pulmonary ventilation(肺通气) ■ Definition:The process of moving air nasal cavity peary into and out of the trachea epiglottis bronchus lungs right lung diaphragm pleural cavity
Pulmonary ventilation（肺通气） ◼ Definition: The process of moving air into and out of the lungs
Structures of pulmonary ventilation 1. Respiratory muscle Primary muscles of respiration: external intercostals(iy 间外肌)& diaphragm(膈肌) air enters r leaves ribcage moves ribcage moves up and out down and in lungs expand lungs get smaller diaphragm moves down diaphragm moves up Inhalation Exhalation
Structures of pulmonary ventilation 1. Respiratory muscle Primary muscles of respiration: external intercostals (肋 间外肌)& diaphragm（膈肌）