Immunity 1. Immunity: meaning the state of protection from infectious disease In 430BC, a plaque in athens Those who recovered from the plaque would not contact the disease a second time 2. Agents: microorganisms(viruses, bacteria etc and their products foods, chemicals, pollen, tumor cells, etc 3. Immune system: immune tissues and organs, immune cells immune molecules 4.Immune response: collective and coordinated response to the introduction of foreign substances 5. Immunology: study the structure of immune system and its functions
Immunity 1.Immunity: : Meaning the state of protection from infectious disease. In 430BC, a plaque in Athens, Those who recovered from the plaque would not contact the disease a second time. 2. Agents: microorganisms (viruses, bacteria etc) and their products, foods, chemicals, pollen, tumor cells, etc. 3.Immune system: immune tissues and organs, immune cells, immune molecules 4.Immune response: collective and coordinated response to the introduction of foreign substances. 5.Immunology: study the structure of immune system and its functions
Immune Response Innate immune response natural immune response non-specific immune response o Adaptive immune response acquirea immune response specific immune response
Immune Response Innate immune response natural immune response non-specific immune response Adaptive immune response acquired immune response specific immune response
The innate and adaptive immune response Characteristics Cells Molecules Innate immunity r Responds rapidly / Physical barriers Humoral factors No memory pHagocytes(PMNs Complement rNo or low and macrophages) Acute phase specificity r Natural killer cells Proteins cYtokines Adaptive immunit rEsponds Slowly T cells ANtibodies MEmory rB cells Cytokines r Highly specific Dendritic cells r Granzymes
The innate and adaptive immune response Characteristics Cells Molecules Innate immunity Responds rapidly No memory No or low specificity Physical barriers Phagocytes (PMNs and macrophages) Natural killer cells Humoral factors Complement Acute phase Proteins Cytokines Adaptive immunity Responds Slowly Memory Highly specific T cells B cells Dendritic cells Antibodies Cytokines Granzymes
Innate immunity mechanism of recognition o Pathogen associated molecules patterns(PAMPs): LPS, DNA, RNA, Protein o Danger-associated molecular patterns DAMPS〕: DNA,HSP o Pattern recognition receptors(PrR): Toll-like receptor (TLR), C-lectin recptor(CLR), RIG-1-Like recptor(rlr), NoD-like Receptor(Nlr)
Innate immunity mechanism of recognition Pathogen associated molecules patterns(PAMPs）:LPS,DNA,RNA,Protein Danger-associated molecular patterns (DAMPS):DNA,HSP Pattern recognition receptors (PRR): Toll-like receptor(TLR) ,C-lectin recptor(CLR),RIG-I-Like recptor(RLR),NOD-like Receptor(NLR)
Bacterial product: Flagellin CpG dna Membrane Lipid A lipoproteins TLR: TLR5 TLR9 TLR2 TLR4 Avoidance: N-terminal Prevent Acyl chain amino acid exposure modifications changes