《欧洲文化导论》课程教学资源：《欧洲文化入门 European Culture An Introduction》PDF电子书（复习指南）

《欧洲文化人门》 复习指南A A GUIDE TO THE REVIEW OF EUROPEAN CULTURE: AN INTRODUCTION ○朱次榴编 外语教学与研究出版社 FOREIGN LANGUAGE TEACHING AND RESEARCH PRESS 北京BEIJING 子限一一

出版说明 1,本“复习指南”是为配合王佐良教授主编的《欧洲文化入门》 一书的教与学而设计编写的。 2.本书正文部分以填空题或列举的形式再现〈欧洲文化入门》中 各章节的复习重点，各题后都附有答案。 3,各填空题既可转化为单项选择题，也可转化为单句问答题。若 干个填空题中的文字及答案加在一起，则可用作词语说明或问 答题的答案，有些问答题的题目给出了参考形式。 4。复习题及答案中，人名、地名、著作名称中的难词一般都附有 译名，读法特殊的，也附注了音标。为便于读者查阅，重点内 容都标注了在〈欧洲文化入门》一书中所对应的页码。 5,本“复习指南”最后附有《欧洲文化入门》考试的一套真题， 并附答案及试题内容的参考页码。 1判德

TABLE OF CONTENTS 目 录 Introducti0n…1 Division One:Greek Culture and Roman Culture 1 Division Two:The Bible and Christianity..........17 Division Three:The Middle Ages.......... 28 Division Four:Renaissance and Reformation... 37 Division Five:The Seventeenth Century …56 Division Six:The Age of Enlightenment 74 Division Seven:Romanticism.91 Division Eight:Marxism and Darwinism...108 Division Nine:Realism........117 Division Ten:Modernism and Other Trends .............130 附录 151 41法

Introduction 1.Two of the elements in European culture are considered to be more enduring and they are the element and the element. [Key:Greco-Roman(/.gri:kau'rauman/希腊罗马的)/udeo-Christian (3u:'diau'kristjon/犹太教与基督教所共有的)门 Division One:Greek Culture and Roman Culture I.Greek Culture (pp.2-36) 1.The Historical Context (p.2) 1.In a more remote period of Greek history,probably around a war was fought between Greece and Troy(/tro/特洛伊). [Key:1200B.C.] 2.Greek culture reached a high point of development in the century B.C. [Key:5th] What marked the high point of development in Greek culture in the 5th century B.C.？ 3.The high point of development in Greek culture was marked by (a) the successful repulse of the invasion early in the 5th century B.C.,(b)the establishment of and (c)the flourishing of science,philosophy,literature,art and historical writing in [Key:Persian democracy Athens (/'aedanz/)] 4.The 5th century B.C.closed with civil war between and in Greece. [Key:Athens/Sparta(/'spato折巴达)] 5.In the second half of the _century B.C.,all Greece was brought under the rule of King of Macedon (/'maesidon/ 1

其顿). mainland of Greece,led by Agamemnon in their war against the city [Key:4th Alexander] of 6.n _B.C.the Romans conquered Greece. [Key:Troy] [Key:146] 2.The heroes are Hector(hekta(r)/赫克托耳)on the side 2.Social and Political Structure (p.3) and Achilles(/o'ki:liz/阿喀琉斯)and Odysseus('disjus/奥德修 斯)on the_ 。 What were the main features of ancient Greek society? [Key:Trojan /Greek] 1.Athens was a democracy,where only the adult citizens had 3.In the final battle,Hector was killed by Achilles and Troy was'sacked the rights. and burned by the [Key:male] [Key:Greeks] 2.The economy,of Athens rested on an immense amount of Odyssey (pp.3-4) labour. 1.The Odyssey deals with the of Odysseus after the Trojan war [Key:slave] to his home island Ithaca(:oko/伊萨卡). 3.The Greeks loved sports.Once every four years,they had a big [Key:return] festival on which included contests of sports. 2.The Odyssey describes many adventures Odysscus ran into on his long [Key:Olympus Mount] voyage and how he was reunited with his faithful Penelope 4.Revised in the Games have become the world's foremost (/pr'nelapl/珀涅罗珀)， ameteur sports competition. [Key:wife] Key1896] Why is Homer important in the history of European literature? 3.Homer(about700B.C.)(荷马)(pp.3-13) (See:Lasting Effects)(p.36) What did Homer do? 1.Countless writers have quoted,adapted,borrowed from and otherwise used cpics. 1.Ancient Greeks considered to be the author of their cpics: [Key:Homer's] the Iliad(/'lad/伊利亚特)and the Odyssey(/dsI/奥德赛). 2.In the early part of the 19th century,in England alone,three young [Key:Homer] Romantic poets(Byron,Shelley and Keats)expressed their 2.Homer probably lived around of Greek culture in works which have themselves become classics. [Key:700 B.C. [Key:admiration] 3.The Iliad and the Odyssey are not about events of own time, 3.In the 20th century,there are _parallels in the Irishman but about great men and wars of a remoter age,probably in the period James Joyce's modernist masterpiece Ulysses. of [Key:Homeric(ha'merk/荷马风格的)门 [Key:Homer's 1200-1100 B.C. ·Iliad(p.3) 4.Lyric Poetry (pp.13-14) 1.The Iliad deals with the alliance of the states of the southern 1.Of many lyric poets of the (Greek)time,two are still admired by 3 1玉家