2.Fire fighting in Metro and Road Tunnels Effects of fire: Release of heat Release of noxious gases Type of car Maximum heat release rate(MW) One small passenger car 2.5 One passenger car 5 2-3 of passenger car burnt 8 One van 15 One bus 20 Heavy goods vehicle 20-30 Petrol tanker 100-300 百年同榜7 From:PIARC TONGILUNIVERSITY
7 Fire detection and suppression Peter Reinke 2. Fire fighting in Metro and Road Tunnels Effects of fire: Release of heat Release of noxious gases Type of car Maximum heat release rate (MW) One small passenger car 2.5 One passenger car 5 2-3 of passenger car burnt 8 One van 15 One bus 20 Heavy goods vehicle 20-30 Petrol tanker 100-300 From: PIARC
2.Fire fighting in Metro and Road Tunnels Consequences: Life-threatening conditions Harmful conditions Damage to infrastructure Damage to vehicles Loss of availability of public infrastructure 百年同濟8 TONGII UNIVERSITY
8 Fire detection and suppression Peter Reinke 2. Fire fighting in Metro and Road Tunnels Consequences: Life-threatening conditions Harmful conditions Damage to infrastructure Damage to vehicles Loss of availability of public infrastructure
2.Fire fighting in Metro and Road Tunnels Basis principles fire detection: Detection of heat(temperature,radiation) Detection of smoke (visibility,concentration of certain gases) Detection of related aspects (e.g.traffic congestion) OXYGEN HEAT flame detector FUEL 百年同濟9 TONGILUNIVERSITY
9 Basis principles fire detection: Detection of heat (temperature, radiation) Detection of smoke (visibility, concentration of certain gases) Detection of related aspects (e.g. traffic congestion) 2. Fire fighting in Metro and Road Tunnels flame detector ←
2.Fire fighting in Metro and Road Tunnels Water spray head Loudspeaker Variable information board Visibility sensor Jet fan Anemometer Radio rebroadcasting CCTV camera Manual fire alarm Tunnel lighting Fire detector Guidance sign Emergency telephone Emergency parking Fire hydrant and spray valve Emergency escape tunnel Thermal detection,Optical detection,Video-based detection 百年同濟10
10 2. Fire fighting in Metro and Road Tunnels Thermal detection, Optical detection, Video-based detection
2.Fire fighting in Metro and Road Tunnels Fire prevention or extinguishing by removing any one of: Heat:Supply water,switch off electricity Fuel:Mechanically or chemically remove fuel from the fire Oxidizing agent:Supply aqueous foam,or inert gas or enclose fire Sustained chemical reaction:Supply,e.g.Halon HEAT OXYGEN FVEL RERACTION 百年同濟11 TONGILUNIVERSITY
11 Fire prevention or extinguishing by removing any one of: Heat: Supply water, switch off electricity Fuel: Mechanically or chemically remove fuel from the fire Oxidizing agent: Supply aqueous foam, or inert gas or enclose fire Sustained chemical reaction: Supply, e.g. Halon 2. Fire fighting in Metro and Road Tunnels