中国科学技术大学：《数字逻辑电路》课程教学资源（讲义）数字逻辑电路学习指导（指导教师：胡新伟）.pdf

数字逻辑电路学习指导 2020 秋数字逻辑电路 06 班目录 1 写给信息学院的学弟学妹们的一封信 ························································ 6 2 课程综述 ···························································································· 7 2.1 简介 ························································································· 7 2.2 课程特点 ··················································································· 7 2.3 学习方法 ··················································································· 8 3 第一章数制和码制 ············································································· 10 3.1 主要内容 ··················································································· 10 3.2 学习目标 ··················································································· 10 3.3 学习方法 ··················································································· 10 3.4 思考题 ······················································································ 11 3.5 经典例题 ··················································································· 12 4 第二章逻辑代数基础 ·········································································· 14 4.1 主要内容 ··················································································· 14 4.2 学习目标 ··················································································· 14 4.3 学习方法 ··················································································· 15 4.4 思考题 ······················································································ 15 4.5 经典例题 ··················································································· 17 5 第三章门电路 ··················································································· 21 5.1 主要内容 ··················································································· 21 5.2 学习目标 ··················································································· 21 5.3 学习方法 ··················································································· 22 5.4 思考题 ······················································································ 22 5.5 经典例题 ··················································································· 24 6 第四章组合逻辑电路 ·········································································· 26 6.1 主要内容 ··················································································· 26 6.2 学习目标 ··················································································· 26 6.3 学习方法 ··················································································· 26 1

数字逻辑电路学习指导 2020 秋数字逻辑电路 06 班 6.4 思考题 ······················································································ 27 6.5 经典例题 ··················································································· 29 7 第五章半导体存储电路 ······································································· 30 7.1 主要内容 ··················································································· 30 7.2 学习目标 ··················································································· 30 7.3 学习方法 ··················································································· 31 7.4 思考题 ······················································································ 31 7.5 经典例题 ··················································································· 33 8 第六章时序逻辑电路 ·········································································· 34 8.1 主要内容 ··················································································· 34 8.2 学习目标 ··················································································· 34 8.3 学习方法 ··················································································· 35 8.4 思考题 ······················································································ 36 9 第七章脉冲波形的产生和整形电路 ························································ 40 9.1 主要内容 ··················································································· 40 9.2 学习目标 ··················································································· 40 9.3 学习方法 ··················································································· 41 9.4 思考题 ······················································································ 42 10 第八章数——模和模——数转换 ························································· 45 10.1 主要内容 ·················································································· 45 10.2 学习目标 ·················································································· 45 10.3 学习方法 ·················································································· 46 10.4 思考题 ····················································································· 46 10.5 经典例题 ·················································································· 47 11 第一章至第四章经典问题综合整理 ························································· 50 11.1 无关项的概念及其在化简逻辑函数中的应用 ····································· 50 11.1.1 无关项的概念 ···································································· 50 11.1.2 约束项 ············································································· 50 11.1.3 任意项 ············································································· 51 11.1.4 无关项在化简中的应用 ························································ 52 11.2 逻辑函数不同表达形式之间的转换 ················································· 53 11.2.1 真值表转换为逻辑函数式 ····················································· 53 11.2.2 逻辑函数式转换为真值表 ····················································· 53 11.2.3 逻辑函数式转换为卡诺图 ····················································· 53 2

数字逻辑电路学习指导 2020 秋数字逻辑电路 06 班 11.2.4 波形图转换为真值表 ··························································· 54 11.3 逻辑函数式常见形式变换 ····························································· 54 11.3.1 与或式 ⇒ 与非与非式 ························································· 54 11.3.2 与或式 ⇒ 与或非式 ···························································· 54 11.3.3 与或式 ⇒ 或与式 ······························································· 55 11.3.4 与或式 ⇒ 或非或非式 ························································· 55 11.4 怎样学习第三章 ········································································· 55 11.4.1 基本电路——互补开关电路 ·················································· 55 11.4.2 一种实现方法——二极管开关电路 ········································· 56 11.4.3 一种实现方法——MOS 管基本开关电路 ································· 56 11.4.4 一种实现方法——CMOS 反相器 ··········································· 57 11.5 关于高阻态 ··············································································· 57 11.5.1 概念 ················································································ 57 11.5.2 表示方法 ·········································································· 57 11.5.3 注意事项 ·········································································· 57 11.6 可用来实现逻辑函数的常用组合逻辑电路模块 ·································· 58 11.6.1 译码器 ············································································· 58 11.6.2 数据选择器 ······································································· 58 11.6.3 加法器 ············································································· 58 11.7 组合逻辑电路分析 ······································································ 58 11.7.1 本质 ················································································ 58 11.7.2 方法 ················································································ 59 11.7.3 想法分析 ·········································································· 59 11.8 组合逻辑电路设计 ······································································ 59 11.8.1 本质 ················································································ 59 11.8.2 方法 ················································································ 59 11.8.3 注意 ················································································ 60 11.9 逻辑抽象问题 ············································································ 60 11.10 译码器、数据选择器的应用及其比较 ············································ 60 11.10.1 译码器 ··········································································· 60 11.10.2 数据选择器 ····································································· 61 11.10.3 应用 ·············································································· 61 3

数字逻辑电路学习指导 2020 秋数字逻辑电路 06 班 11.11 功能扩展专题 ·········································································· 61 11.11.1 本质 ·············································································· 61 11.11.2 “黑盒子”模型——解题方法 ············································· 61 11.11.3 以一道作业题目为例 ························································· 63 11.12 数制和码制例题补充 ································································· 65 11.12.1 十进制码和格雷码的转换 ··················································· 65 11.12.2 二进制码和 BCD 码的转换 ················································· 65 11.13 逻辑代数基础例题补充 ······························································ 66 11.13.1 异或运算和同或运算 ························································· 66 11.13.2 利用公共项实现最简逻辑函数式 ·········································· 66 11.13.3 无关项在化简中的应用 ······················································ 66 11.14 加法器的应用 ·········································································· 67 11.14.1 加法器实现加减运算 ························································· 67 11.14.2 加法器实现乘法运算 ························································· 67 11.15 有限制的功能扩展问题 ······························································ 68 12 第五章至第八章经典问题综合整理 ························································· 70 12.1 SR 锁存器的约束条件与“不定”状态的理解 ··································· 70 12.1.1 简述 ················································································ 70 12.1.2 SR 锁存器电路结构与特性表 ················································ 70 12.1.3 SR 锁存器约束条件与“不定”状态的解读 ······························ 71 12.2 触发器的逻辑功能和触发方式 ······················································· 72 12.2.1 简介 ················································································ 72 12.2.2 逻辑功能和触发方式的关系 ·················································· 72 12.2.3 关于逻辑功能 ···································································· 73 12.3 触发器的异步置位问题 ································································ 73 12.3.1 简介 ················································································ 73 12.3.2 怎么识别是同步输入还是异步输入 ········································ 73 12.3.3 只有一个 SD 或者 RD ························································· 74 12.3.4 异步输入对主从触发器如何影响 ··········································· 75 12.4 触发器的动态特性 ······································································ 75 12.4.1 简介 ················································································ 75 12.4.2 考察要求和如何学习 ··························································· 76 4

数字逻辑电路学习指导 2020 秋数字逻辑电路 06 班 12.5 时序逻辑电路分析 ······································································ 76 12.5.1 简介 ················································································ 76 12.5.2 分析方法 ·········································································· 76 12.6 常用时序逻辑电路模块 ································································ 77 12.6.1 简介 ················································································ 77 12.6.2 同步置零、置位和异步置零、置位 ········································ 77 12.6.3 关于计数器进位输出信号 ····················································· 77 12.6.4 以移位寄存器为例分析自启动问题 ········································ 78 12.7 同步时序逻辑电路设计 ································································ 81 12.7.1 简介 ················································································ 81 12.7.2 设计方法 ·········································································· 81 12.7.3 关于学习同步时序逻辑电路设计的一些小建议 ························· 83 12.8 门电路、脉冲产生与整形电路、数模转换电路 ·································· 84 12.8.1 简介 ················································································ 84 12.8.2 TTL 电路和 CMOS 电路输入悬空问题 ··································· 84 12.8.3 性能参数 ·········································································· 84 12.8.4 学习上的建议 ···································································· 85 13 期末模拟试卷 ···················································································· 86 14 致谢 ································································································ 94 5