国 Catecho l amines Natural ·Norep i nephr ine:,B1 ·Epinephr ine:,B ·Dopamine:D,1,β1(also some NE release) Synthetic ·Isoproterenol:B ·Dobutamine:β1(and mix of B2 stimulation and a inhibition and stimulation)
Natural • Norepinephrine: , 1 • Epinephrine: , • Dopamine: D, 1 , 1 (also some NE release) Synthetic • Isoproterenol: • Dobutamine: 1 (and mix of 2 stimulation and 1 inhibition and stimulation) Catecholamines
Endogenous catecholamines- ep inephr ine 【Mechanism of action】 A potent stimulant of both a and B adrenergic receptor,and its effects on target organs are thus complex B》 《一《安一I BC 《多 B0》
Endogenous catecholamines-- epinephrine 【 Mechanism of action 】 A potent stimulant of both α and β adrenergic receptor, and its effects on target organs are thus complex
Endogenous catecholamines-ep i nephr i ne Adrenal in 【properties】 a.Unstable in alkaline solution b. Not effective after oral administration. C.Absorption from subcutaneous tissue occurs relatively slowly and the rate may be further decreased.1:10000(0.1 mg/ml) d.Absorption is more rapid after intramuscular injection. e.In emergency,it may be necessary to administer epinephrine intravenously f.Rapidly inactivated in the body.Liver is important organ because it is rich in COMT and MAO
Adrenalin 【properties】 a. Unstable in alkaline solution b. Not effective after oral administration. c. Absorption from subcutaneous tissue occurs relatively slowly and the rate may be further decreased. 1:10000(0.1 mg/ml) d. Absorption is more rapid after intramuscular injection. e. In emergency, it may be necessary to administer epinephrine intravenously f. Rapidly inactivated in the body. Liver is important organ because it is rich in COMT and MAO. Endogenous catecholamines-- epinephrine
⑧ Cardiac electrical activity Sinus Node Atrium Left Bundle Branch AV Node Bundle of HIS Ventricles Right Bundle Branch
Cardiac electrical activity
( Nor AC y÷o8-tyy SL Ca channel ATP Ca2+ cAMP Ca pump PKA Troponin-1 Phospholamban SR cAMP signal ing in the heart ST indicates synaptic terminal;Nor,norepinephrine; SL,sarcolemma;AC,adenylyl cyclase;PKA,protein kinase A;and SR,sarcoplasmic reticulum
cAMP signaling in the heart ST indicates synaptic terminal; Nor, norepinephrine; SL, sarcolemma; AC, adenylyl cyclase; PKA, protein kinase A; and SR, sarcoplasmic reticulum