上海交通大学：《学术英语写作与演讲 Academic Writing and Presentation in English》教学资源（学生论文）01 How Do College Students’ Biorhythm and Sleep Habits Affect the Quality of Sleep

上游充通大 GHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERST T SHANGHAI JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY How Do College Students'Biorhythm and Sleep Habits Affect the Quality of Sleep Miguang Sun,Zihao Ding,Yihui Hu An Article Submitted to Prof.Li Zhang For the course of Academic Communication in English 2016.5.20

SHANGHAI JIAOTONG UNIVERSITY How Do College Students’ Biorhythm and Sleep Habits Affect the Quality of Sleep An Article Submitted to Prof. Li Zhang For the course of Academic Communication in English 2016.5.20 Miguang Sun,Zihao Ding,Yihui Hu

上游充通大￥ SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSIT ACIE Group 7 How do College Students'Biorhythm and Sleep Habits Affect the Quality of Sleep Miguang Sun',Zihao Ding2,Yihui Hu3 ISchool of Materials Science and Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Materials Science and Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University 3School of Materials Science and Engineering,Shanghai Jiao Tong University Abstract A lot of researches have been done to conclude effects of different patterns and habits on people's quality of sleep and it is clear that people in similar environment share similar biorhythm and sleep habits. However,little attention has been focused on college students,who are so special and different from other groups of people.Aiming at understanding the effect of college students'biorhythm and sleep habits on the quality of sleep,questionnaire and hands-on experiments are conducted in this research project.Results suggest that most college students have unique sleep pattern compared to other groups of people.In addition,we can see that several biorhythm and sleep habits can cause some positive or negative effects on our quality of sleep,which gives us guidance on how to improve college students'quality of sleep. Key words:sleep pattern,biorhythm,sleep habits -1-

ACIE Group 7 - 1 - How do College Students’ Biorhythm and Sleep Habits Affect the Quality of Sleep Miguang Sun 1 , Zihao Ding2 , Yihui Hu3 1School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University 2School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University 3School of Materials Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Abstract A lot of researches have been done to conclude effects of different patterns and habits on people’s quality of sleep and it is clear that people in similar environment share similar biorhythm and sleep habits. However, little attention has been focused on college students, who are so special and different from other groups of people. Aiming at understanding the effect of college students’ biorhythm and sleep habits on the quality of sleep, questionnaire and hands-on experiments are conducted in this research project. Results suggest that most college students have unique sleep pattern compared to other groups of people. In addition, we can see that several biorhythm and sleep habits can cause some positive or negative effects on our quality of sleep, which gives us guidance on how to improve college students’ quality of sleep. Key words: sleep pattern, biorhythm, sleep habits

上充廷大￥ SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSIT ACIE Group 7 Table of Contents! 1.Introduction.… 4 2.Theoretical Framework and Literature Review. .4 2.1.The Importance of Healthy Sleep Patterns. 2.2.The Factors that Influence the Quality of Sleep. .4 2.3.The Limitation and Questions........................... 6 3.Methodology.… 6 3.1.Research design................ 1 3.2.Participants........... 7 3.3.Instrument........... 8 3.4.Data collection. 9 4.Results.… 10 4.1.Questionnaires............... 10 4.1.1.Biorhythm.… 10 4.1.2.Sleep habits............. 11 4.1.3.Sleep problems....... 12 4.2.Hands-on experiments................. 13 4.2.1.Experiments related to biorhythm. 14 4.2.2.Experiment related to sleep habits 15 5.Discussion........... 16 5.1.Sleep patterns of college students................... 16 5.2.Scientific discussions for experiments............................. 16 5.2.1.Persistent stay-up............... 17 5.2.2.Keeping early hours...... 18 5.2.3.Nap tests...... 18 5.2.4.Cell phone playing 19 5.2.5.Exercising..… 20 5.2.6.Milk drinking. 21 5.3.Suggestions… 21 6.C0 nclusion.… 22 7.Appendix.… 。。。。。。。。。。。,。。。。。。。。。 22 Part3,5,6 and 7 were written by Miguang Sun,abstract and part 2 were written by Zihao Ding,part 1 and 4 were written by Yihui Hu.They contributed equally to the review parts of the article. -2-

ACIE Group 7 - 2 - Table of Contents1 1. Introduction...........................................................................................4 2. Theoretical Framework and Literature Review........................... .........4 2.1. The Importance of Healthy Sleep Patterns....................................4 2.2. The Factors that Influence the Quality of Sleep............................4 2.3. The Limitation and Questions.......................................................6 3. Methodology..........................................................................................6 3.1. Research design.............................................................................7 3.2. Participants................................................................................... 7 3.3. Instrument......................................................................................8 3.4. Data collection...............................................................................9 4. Results.................................................................................................10 4.1. Questionnaires.............................................................................10 4.1.1. Biorhythm..........................................................................10 4.1.2. Sleep habits........................................................................11 4.1.3. Sleep problems..................................................................12 4.2. Hands-on experiments.................................................................13 4.2.1. Experiments related to biorhythm....................................14 4.2.2. Experiment related to sleep habits....................................15 5. Discussion...........................................................................................16 5.1. Sleep patterns of college students................................................16 5.2. Scientific discussions for experiments.........................................16 5.2.1. Persistent stay-up..............................................................17 5.2.2. Keeping early hours..........................................................18 5.2.3. Nap tests...........................................................................18 5.2.4. Cell phone playing............................................................19 5.2.5. Exercising.........................................................................20 5.2.6. Milk drinking....................................................................21 5.3. Suggestions....................................................................................21 6. Conclusion...........................................................................................22 7. Appendix.............................................................................................22 1 Part3, 5, 6 and 7 were written by Miguang Sun, abstract and part 2 were written by Zihao Ding, part 1 and 4 were written by Yihui Hu.They contributed equally to the review parts of the article

上游充廷大￥ SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSIT ACIE Group 7 List of figures/tables Figures Fig.1 Research process Fig.2 The pie graph for the gender of participants Fig.3 The pie graph for the grade of participants Fig.4 Sleep time and awake time for weekdays and weekends Fig.5 The pattern of sleep and wake style. Fig.6 The nap habits Fig.7 Types of sleep style Fig.8 Sleep habits Fig.9 Sleep problem judgment Fig.10 Symptoms to sleep problems Fig.11 Factors to sleep problems Fig.12 Solutions to sleep problems Fig.13 Mindmap for experiments and scientific discussions Fig.14 Sleep cycles throughout sleep Fig.15 Pie graph of asleep and awake in different sleep style Fig.16 Body-temperature cycle Tables Tab.1 Executive condition of stay up test Tab.2 Executive condition of keeping early hours test Tab.3 Executive condition of exercise test -3-

ACIE Group 7 - 3 - List of figures/tables Figures Fig.1 Research process Fig.2 The pie graph for the gender of participants Fig.3 The pie graph for the grade of participants Fig.4 Sleep time and awake time for weekdays and weekends Fig.5 The pattern of sleep and wake style. Fig.6 The nap habits Fig.7 Types of sleep style Fig.8 Sleep habits Fig.9 Sleep problem judgment Fig.10 Symptoms to sleep problems Fig.11 Factors to sleep problems Fig.12 Solutions to sleep problems Fig.13 Mindmap for experiments and scientific discussions Fig.14 Sleep cycles throughout sleep Fig.15 Pie graph of asleep and awake in different sleep style Fig.16 Body-temperature cycle Tables Tab.1 Executive condition of stay up test Tab.2 Executive condition of keeping early hours test Tab.3 Executive condition of exercise test

上降气通大学 SHANGHAI JIAO TONG UNIVERSIT ACIE Group 7 1.Introduction It's a common practice that college students are highly likely to have their own unique sleep pattern compared with other groups of people for a multitude of reasons.Recent research shows that 13.93%of college students are now faced with severe sleep problems.The reasons for sleep problems can be summed as three aspects:living habits(Liu xianchen et al.,1995),which include sleep habits,biorhythm and so on;psychological states(Zhang lin&Diao juan,2006),such as anxiety,depression and study pressure;and natural environment(Zhang fengmei,Chen jianwen,Du fengqin,&Xu huanji,2013),such as light,noise,temperature etc.The factors that may have influence on the quality of sleep are well-classified and clear to us,however,how do these factors have an impact on the quality of sleep are still unknown to us.Our work focuses on exploring the unique sleep pattern of the college students by questionnaire and conducting several hands-on experiments on how the living habits including sleep habits and biorhythm influence the quality of sleep, eventually we provide suggestions to improve the quality of sleep based on scientific explanations. 2.Theoretical Framework and Literature Review 2.1.The Importance of Healthy Sleep Patterns Healthy sleep is an important factor in acquiring longevity(Armitage Conner,2001),physical health,as well as cognitive functioning(Armitage,Norman,&Conner,2002).Generally,a healthy sleep pattern can be defined as being regular and with sufficient length to meet the requirements of people's daily physical and mental exertions(Barber Munz,2011).Keeping a health sleep pattern can also help decrease excessive daytime sleepiness(Giannotti,Cortesi, Sebastiani,&Ottaviano,2002)and maintain excellent remembrance and learning performance(Gradisar,Terrill,Johnston,Douglas,2008).In a word,for all walks of people a healthy sleep pattern is necessary and essential. 2.2.The Factors that Influence the Quality of Sleep According to previous researches,there are several factors which will affect the quality of sleep -4

ACIE Group 7 - 4 - 1. Introduction It’s a common practice that college students are highly likely to have their own unique sleep pattern compared with other groups of people for a multitude of reasons. Recent research shows that 13.93% of college students are now faced with severe sleep problems. The reasons for sleep problems can be summed as three aspects: living habits (Liu xianchen et al., 1995),which include sleep habits, biorhythm and so on; psychological states(Zhang lin&Diao juan, 2006),such as anxiety, depression and study pressure; and natural environment(Zhang fengmei, Chen jianwen, Du fengqin, &Xu huanji, 2013),such as light, noise, temperature etc. The factors that may have influence on the quality of sleep are well-classified and clear to us, however, how do these factors have an impact on the quality of sleep are still unknown to us. Our work focuses on exploring the unique sleep pattern of the college students by questionnaire and conducting several hands-on experiments on how the living habits including sleep habits and biorhythm influence the quality of sleep, eventually we provide suggestions to improve the quality of sleep based on scientific explanations. 2. Theoretical Framework and Literature Review 2.1. The Importance of Healthy Sleep Patterns Healthy sleep is an important factor in acquiring longevity(Armitage & Conner, 2001), physical health, as well as cognitive functioning(Armitage, Norman, & Conner, 2002). Generally, a healthy sleep pattern can be defined as being regular and with sufficient length to meet the requirements of people’s daily physical and mental exertions(Barber & Munz, 2011). Keeping a health sleep pattern can also help decrease excessive daytime sleepiness(Giannotti, Cortesi, Sebastiani,& Ottaviano, 2002) and maintain excellent remembrance and learning performance(Gradisar, Terrill, Johnston,& Douglas, 2008). In a word, for all walks of people a healthy sleep pattern is necessary and essential. 2.2. The Factors that Influence the Quality of Sleep According to previous researches, there are several factors which will affect the quality of sleep