Figure 2-28a Original sketch. Fiqure 2-28b Enlargement of sketch. 0 Figure 2-29 Tracing after Ray Evans. 转 Fiqure 2-30 Tracing after Ray Evans. Tracing 29
Fi gure 2-28a Original sketch. Figure 2-28b Enlargement of sketch. Figure 2-29 Tracing after Ray Evans. Figure 2-30 Tracing after Ray Evans. Tracing 29
3 atdoor ArCade Here oi Fidtnanre Figure 2-31 Sketch of Athens,Ohio. (a) H 时rM Fiqure 2-32 Sketch of Athens,Ohio. Figure 2-33 Sketch of Athens,Ohio. 30 Drawing
Fig ure 2-31 Sketc h of Athens, Ohio. (a) Figu re 2-32 Sketch of Athens, Ohio. Figure 2-33 Sketch of Athens, Oh io. 30 Drawing
Figure 2-34 a (opposite),b (above)Plan,section,and perspective of garden-court restaurant,Salzburg,Austria. PERCEPTION not complicated sketches;they are within the poten- tial of most designers,as shown in the sketches oppo- Many architects have become methodical about site,which apply Cullen's techniques to the analysis sketch and note taking.Gordon Cullen,the British of a small midwestern town. illustrator and urban design consultant,had a major As John Gundelfinger puts it: influence on the use of analytical sketches.His book Townscape is a wonderful collection of visual percep- A sketchbook should be a personal diary of what tions of the urban environment.The sketches are interests you and not a collection of finished draw- clear and comprehensive,impressive evidence of ings compiled to impress with weight and number...a what can be discovered with graphic thinking.Using finished on-the-spot drawing...shouldn't be the rea- plans,sections,and perspectives,the sketches go son you go out,for the objective is drawing and not beyond the obvious to uncover new perceptions. the drawing.I often learn more from drawings that Tones are used to identify major organizers of space. don't work out,studying the unsuccessful attempts to (In the book,many of these tones are achieved see where and why I went off...can learn more...than mechanically,but they are easily rendered in from a drawing where everything fell into place.... sketches by hatching with grease pencil or large felt- The drawings that succeed do so in some measure tip markers.The verbal categorization of urban phe- because of the failures I've learned from preceding it, nomena through short titles helps to fix the visual and so certain pitfalls were unconsciously ignored perceptions in our memories;verbal and graphic while drawing. communications are working together.And these are Perception 31
Figure 2-34 a (opposite), b (above) Plan, section, and perspective of garden-court restaurant, Salzburg, Austria. PERCEPTION Many a rchitects have become m et hodical abo ut sketch and note taking. Gordon Cullen , the British illus trator and urban design consult ant, had a majo r influence on the use of analyti ca l sket ches. His book Townscape' is a wond erful collec tion of visua l perceptions of th e urban enviro nme n t. The sketches a re clear and comp rehensive , im p ressive ev ide nce of w ha t can be dis covered wi th gra phic thinking. Using pl ans, sectio ns , and perspectives, th e sketches go beyond th e obvious to uncover new perceptio ns. Tones ar e used to iden tify major orga ni zers of sp ace. (In the book , many of these tones are achieved mec hanically, b u t th ey are easily rendered in sket ches by hatching wi th grease pe ncil or large felttip markers.] The verba l ca tego ri zation of urban ph enomena th rough shor t titles helps to fix the visual percep tions in our memories; verbal and graphic communications are working together. And these are not complica ted sketches; th ey ar e within th e potential of most designe rs, as show n in the sketches oppo site, w hich apply Cullen's techniques to th e analysis of a small midwestern town . As John Gundelfinger puts it: A sk etchbook should be a personal diary of what interests you and not a collection of finished drawings compiled to impress with weight and numb er. ..a finished on-the-spot drawing...shouldn't be the reason you go out, for the objective is drawing and not the drawing. I often learn more from drawings that don't work out, studying the unsuccessful attempts tc see where and why I went off ..can learn more than from a drawing where everything fell into place . The drawings that succeed do so in some measure because of the failures I've learned from preceding it, and so certain pitfalls were unconsciously ignored while drawing. S Perception 3 1
Fiqure 2-35 Waterfront,Mobile,Alabama. Each subject may reveal new ways of seeing if we remain open to its special characteristics.It may be the redundancy of forms or a pattern of shadows;it may be an awareness of the special set of elements and circumstances that produces a particularly inter- esting visual experience.A sketch of the interior of a cathedral can uncover the exciting play of scale and materials.The act of drawing can dramatically Figure 2-36 Salzburg,Austria. heighten your visual sensitivity. Figure 2-37 Mobile,Alabama. 32·Drawing
Figure 2-35 Waterfront, Mobile, Alabama. Each subject ma y reveal new ways of seeing if we remain op en to its specia l ch aracteristics. It may be th e redundancy of forms or a pattern of shadows; it may be an aware ness of the sp ecial set of elements an d circumstances th at pro du ces a particularly in teresting visual experience. A sketch of the interior of a cathedral can uncover th e exciting play of scale and mat erials. Th e ac t of dr aw ing can dramatically heighten your visu al sensitivity. ~? 1 1 , .JIIiF Figure 2-36 Salzburg, Austria. rt~ t~ I k ~~ h~ k-.tk ~~ I Figure 2-37 Mobile, Alabama. 32 Drawing
R(乙l FRICK MAPBLE 长 -A州4 Ae争LF 2暖5 Figure 2-38 By Todd Calson.Westminster Cathedral. T1片市RCA华P△L/| Red e Figure 2-39 Ohio University Quad,Athens,Ohio. Perception ·33
-- c., ..,.--- _ .., M.A.~1-€ =._ 'S. Figure 2-38 By Todd Calson. Westminster Cathedral. Figure 2-39 Ohio University Quad, Athens, Ohio. Percep tion 3 3