14Table1315Table14oaceoe1122018879-00018069890172000118067-0968977-061LOF-101080898816-060-0CEAENETEEONEIROOEANEOREOEEOANOANA+M0+AH-2968-01F982L-0888890101610670-066996F-069201-016009F-01290200109780662280896962-0101928019196908210289661009888109F801-01016610012080-0ooooooDA+10363-0-0no3-aorooaeoocouaooeoe.1818001780088799-0IO88800-0-11288201229690L00619-0109000-0SFEF-020-0oegsrooeoa)aENENOEONEEETOAosoeoeoo[((/oononeaF20016-06066201720090929-0608099-0969909-0699897-0181817010080-0280980818280211O080800S01196-0899866-0100279061-0900081-0100F2-LELTIE-Ocooe2）90-0ro)oooa()Eaa）woodejosuooqnfaooooo(+)968998-0896260189608-01811176889-0889990818019-0990897-01130978988-0F-90-0119180020F212-010080770221760600810o01007808918080296906-0861786-0107210111-19919-01671001090-0O0201-02ISE-0269688-0191000102900F0-0899996-02008701262010188-0F12001-0862290811667-0861190080000880868-080-06F290-062110691990-012190-11190-0971890-0881690-0661090-0T2T190-0811290-00160-960790-0880990-0080990-0690890-09F0020-0F1OFL-01L0L90-0990690-000-0000-0660820-002016060827800066820889999-0199989-08996901900812968-0198882-06278970999096-0189782-091086-0101810110870669968-0181798-01E9018-0266902-000006020-011190011AE-021900-099220770-091890-0991690-0ZF1090-061190-0181690-0661890-0911790-0LOT990-0660990-025OF20-0160290-0880890-0920690-29020-0600120010820-000010-091889901196082198608218-068870668198-0177620F009-0181289-0800007-010-019-670-98LL-OT80-9169-09o05228on0-5二885198711-681FO-1O003兰-921-981-0-2801191161998-0188920681129-0989869-02801098F08921F-0110180LIIIFS-O6222171LO7000000-T0100109260010218018876091698101266661296000oeoea00-0(o)2600Iz-00008-06F28-0196-0926-0687-TISS-EE09903-01882-09012-08F2-0098-088029008796-00896-0F16-06190-087-010170o.n+0S6Oo00-001-002-0009-028808-009-002-008-006-00.88宇03N001O100585839485882585850
17Table15Table1416ooosaoodsjosuoyjoaoqunuu3兰国岛山品山山山业n山山昌区0010SS0LOT（/o）80788*6r6810002168600181609991618S178810z1s58661682LLSLL89826tg9061896816010116900261z09696066-018086600:0eo0192OISLL110280001811OS28882n99888610T6S"12985909800-016166-001268200916562066996811988+SI86$819619816(a)d10092000089687FPOLL00718FLE8100189988te19s196816666-0217180010808200-0587810016622618196190s6026161078O9079180628686-0102880088798198689291819808SLLLL10816F8896*8606178681708LLOTS1868132719166006879900-091IFLO-02120-0611890-0208220-01012-0192690600290-0176990-0128700-018690-0188290-0O612097*8668011876F0107101L666-08286098880118$999806898161188661688126*6016$8668687868072697966696900:090188528189029280998L18181z908170621168818810866966-0189980698601016*1691696+001696006F00-004996861961662600-f20-1OT-P91F08-198-F00-198-70-19f-P09-fR10808768880208212ILI8L009f6EgFS698068067896998LEPES66618120160996901661816802061208002660L099616986800-000160-01196200109801-0208901-02660610960-060-00018001980-01280-0896080-0211820-01121110-0S01F101-196660-028260-0899060-018880-061602*2808$90880608S2128669620089976661681698++298169861198621661806Leers00866-0111161026101016786200-0500-801-S91-690-900-892-808-80f-99-90L-99L-808-98-8sf-g09699-809-898-806-896-8OTTLL178887262S07L&1027218680g18800081989811908LVE800018869868916181060g896218961292600666-0*68861726100-0VELL111801016011-16958108621282910F211-087712986F1001601018671168210LFIIEIO1978110128110120889011819981F0210FLEI10001101001-0180960188119811-0162781089010SATLS08698108762065016878800000-TFC696S088619161826916961176000-0$6686b006-001-091-0021-0081-0061-0090-0001-0O11-0001-0001-0OF1-0090-0020-0080-0060-0000-0010-0050-0010-0020-0R00-90-6O50净96-88683S3882108886222oaa222a2
18Table1619Tables17and 1818EXTENDEDOFTHETERMSBJERRUM'SFUNCTION17aDEBYE-HUCKELTHEORYB9913HULLH理L222322logrootB(a)C(xa)D(sa)0A(a)bQ(6)S0-000000-000000-0000000-000000160116008680-18090-10600-T2090-1FIL0-11680-1000-1OPOTT1911-1600-0190-191811206F1-16081-1961-12L0-1209091-1TOLT-T86121000-13-5980-0000-00092482-0000090-001070-002-0-728255-350-010-000071-003510-004160-00479730-489307-190-020004234359-080-2600-0300126412893800-0210-150-1134011-010800-11860-1FII1880-1610-1L690-1FOLO-106101-1GO6I-T9981-1771-11L1-1180-1161-LEST-1916112906-19818-18086-004r004512-9960-016SS07482A0-1525014-9680-3006516-95-0898523980-47018-0L00-11LTO-1200-01120LL80-118O-19800-18690-10080-1GSTOT-1011-1OF21-1S011S1811L7T-T8691-18906-16891-11611PI666-1094500-66510133060-11-1251-6800.1285S0802-27527-151900-00900-12-921910-12920-12980-1100-1S111-11ZFO-2890-1870-8680-1LOO1-16001-1T9971109891-12081-11261-11POR-L1012-2808-1ooo216170-0181900-00900-11910-1S960-1090-10910-12900-16220-1188019660-1ZO1T-TS101-11790-1L171-1271-10161-10001E6991-1166-0-20According to Bjerrum'stheory,the0-21MOOdissociation constant is given by2:0-23x-1=(4mN/1000)((1*2/e02/kcT)3Q(5)0-24100:0OFOO-110-291001O009990-196011LO2-68182/602/aekT1990-1890-1280-19860-16181CE-11-T8991-1100-1where0811-1868-1LEIET6966-10-250-20wheroN=Avogadronumber,60.=0-27charge on an electron, k=Boltzmann's0-28constant, andconstant,edioloctrie0-292600-090001010800-18800-1681O-1FSO-1010-10990-11ELO-19980-1+L60-1611001166-1IGPI-T0112991-10719881-19006-1120-30a=distunce of elonest approach of ionsoo0-31in em.0-34600-00000-11610-12820-100016070-11090.1009019720-+980-18960-11O26011OIFIT018661-T8-118112LOLI-L1781-E6G-10-3536007879K40-413390-009860-49475911100-414480-039170-428750-21613222180-1SIFO-10100-11110-18000100-06690-982EF80-T2960-12001-118011661111S111881-11981-1o0TOTE-1226-1o0-400-415250-220801861-1-0-04810-43244Equations fortheextended Debye-Huckel theory:10010020001SOO-18190-1000-00000-11010-1110110801901-11160-1111-1FLO11188112191-10Oz01091-16961-16806-11981-1Symmetricalelectrolvtesa)1mouomn=6222c/[2ckT(1+ka)]-(e0222/10ckTa)34(k0)-(cg222/10ekTa)5B(ca),(b) Unsymmetrical eleotrolytes000-0n/±=121e02x/[2057(1+0))+12(31+a2)(02/100hTa)2C(ka)010-0090-0OFO-0090-0090-0020-0080-0O11-0020-0060-0001-0001-0OT-OOF1-091-0091-0021-008T-0061-0006-0tOD+(2312/+#22)(1+82)2(eo2/10eRT)3D(ka)(2[3132|+822)(c02/10ekTa)34(x0)
20Tabte19Table192119STOICHIOMETRICMEANMOLALACTIVITY COEFFICIENTSFOR AQUEOUSINORGANICELECTROLYTES AT 25°COamotie coefficients for aqueous solutions of many ot the salts listed In Tables 19-21 aregiven by Bonnsox,B.A.and SrokEs, ,.,Electrolyte Solutiom,Butterworths,London,1955Molality0-0010-0020-0050-010·020-050-10-20-30-40-91-01-21-41-61-82-02-53-00.00-60-70-8Salt8品AgC1O30-9040-767AgNOy0-9250-8970-8600-7930-7340-6570-6060-5670-3160-2800-2520-5360-5090-4850-4640-4460-4290-3990-3740-3520-333eAICls0-4470-3370-3050-3020-3130·3310-3560-3880-4290-4790-5390-7010-9361-2841-8190-78Al(ciog)s0-720-620-530-450-350-300-270-260-29eAI(NOsh)0-2040-1570-1400-1900-451-020-148fAl2(SO4l)0-0350-0230-0180-0150-0140-0150-0160-0180-0140-014SBaBr20-8000-7400-5940-5130-46500-4460-4370-4420-4480-4580-4690-4960-5290-5660-6090-6560-4350-438BaCl20-8810-8400-7740-7160-6510-5640-5000-4100-4050-4440-3970-3910-3910-3910-3920-3950-4050-4190-4330-499Bal2f0-5420-5090-5020-5100-6170-6400-7240-8140-9241-0561-2210-5230-5400-5620-587b0-882Ba(NOs)z0-8420-7720-7050-6290-5170-4280-3420-2930-260EBa(OH)20-8530-7120-7730-6270-5260-4430-370(m=0-2296,Y=0-358)eBesO40-1500-109-0885-079-0546-0530-0493-0490-0497-0538-0613-06920600-0570-0506-0488-0639fCaBr20-5320-4920-4820-4830-9701-1211-6572-540-4910-5050-5220-5430-5680-5970-6650-7470-848CaCl20.8890-8520-7890-7310-6680-5830-5180-4720-4500-4480-4840-5390-5870-6440-7120-7921-0631-4830-4480-4530-4600-4700-500h0-96Ca(HCOg)20-910-880-830-94SCalz0-5600-631 0-5310-5431-6400-5610-5840-6140-6920-7410-8520-9921-1611-3750-650blCaNOal20.880-840-770-710-640-5450-4850-4260-3950-3760-3800-3630-3540-3470-3420-3380-3360-3360-3350-3370-3400-3450-360CaS20d0-7540-6740-5400-2670-2080-1630-4460-3640-1220-1111-26,=0·120)8CdBr280-7870-6990-5700-4680-3700-2590-1900-1320-1050-089-0300-0780-0638-0591-055105180468-0431-0402]-0380-0361-0328-0699Cacla0-8190-7430-6230-5240-4560-3040-2280-1640-1330-114-036203810-1010900713066905990546-0504-0469-0441082Cdl2te0-4900-3790-2810-1670-106-0688-0523-0433-0168-0189-0180-03760267-02510228-0214-0199-0337fCd(NOg)20-5130-4640-4420-4300-4330-4460-4600-4950-516-05700-4250-4230-478Cds04b0-7260-6390.5050-3990-3070-2060-1500-1020-0820-0690-0320-0320-0320-0330-0610-0550.0500-0430-0410-0380-0350-034Cecl,0-7880-7260-6320-5530-4780-3880-3090-2730-2610-2600-3200-3420-3950-4690-5590-6840-8470-2640-272-286aCe2(SO4ls0-1710-112/0-0630-0414CoBrz0-5460-5130-5090-5172-253·420-5320-5540-5800-6120-6480-9141-2551-4780-09007891-009TCoCl20-5220-4790-4630-4590-5310-5780-6990-7730-8601-1201-4580·4620-5110-6340-47aCol20-580-590-560-571-957-70-840-91091-311-592-44-40-627Co(NOg)20-5180-4400-6640-7260-9201-1820-445490520-5630-609eCrcl,0-3310-3000-3145840-436cCr(NOsls0-3190-2810-5650-291-401eCr2(804)304589380207-0190fCaBr0-6260-5100-5000-4930-4860-4740-460-603bCaCI0920-900-86-8050-5180-5090-5010-4900-4850-4790-606129Csl.6210-5160-5010-4890-479:0-4700-4500-4340-59bCeNOS0-920-890-850-78736020-5610-3930-3680-528458/0-439aCHOH0-9250-8700-8310-70-7440731(m-1-3205,y=0-818)rCe28040-4560-338/0-3110-2220-2140-207|0-2010-29b0-8880-8490-7830-7230-659Cucl20-5770-4290-4170-508/0-4550-4250-4340-4440-4560-4660-4940-520-4100-4130-417fCu(NO,h20-5110-4390-4290-4600-5030-5330-5690-6090-7270-9030-4550-4780-4260-4270-4310-4370-445CusO,0-740-5730-4380-3170-2170-1540-1040-0830-0710-0390-0370-0620-052,0-0480-0450-043ErBr0-7890-72790-6340-5570-4820-393Ercly0-7880-7250-6310-5510-4760-385aE.M.F.method.b Frexing polnt mothod at m<O-1 then lsoplestiee Isopiestiomethod based on arbitrary yalue at m O-d Freezing point mothod. Direct measure-mentofvapourpressure.f Isoplestic method.gE.M.F.method atm<o-1.then isoplestic.h Solubllity.iFreezingpolntmethodatm<o-1thenE.M.E.JEqullbriummethod
Table192223Table19Table 19 (cont.)0-50-60-70.80-91-0131-61.82-0d3-0Molelity0-0010-0020-0050-010-020-0000-30:20-4Salt0-2760-2860-3030-3220-3450-3710·4360-5250-6410-7920-990Eucl,0-7870-7250-6300-5500.4730-3830-3180-2820-2700-2700-4500-4040-4630-4730-4880-5000-5470-5900-6530-7190-794Feclf0-5180-4730-4540-448GdBry0-7880-7260-6320-5530-4780-387Gdcl,0-7870-7200-6310-5510-4740-3840-7890-80108150-8320·8500-8711·1831-693HBr*0-9660-9300-9000-8790-8380-8050-7820-7770·7810-7570-7630-7720-7830-7900-8090-8400-8760-9160-960HCI￥0·9651:0091-1471-3160-9520-9280-9040-8750-8300-7960-7670-7560-7550-7690-7760-7800-7900-8080-8230-8580-90009470-998HCIO411.0551-2271-4480-8030-7780-7680-7660-0310-024HE0-1060-077a0-5440-3000-2240-0440-8300-8600-8830-9080-9360-9631-0271-0981-1751-2601-356HIf1-6412-0150-8180-8070-8110-8230-7200-7170-7170-7180-7210-7240-7340-7400-7880-7750-7930-8460-905HNO.Q0-9650-9510-9270-9020-8710-8230-7910-7540-7350-7250-1560-1480-1420-1380-1340-1320-1280-1270-1260-1200-1280-1330-142H2804ne0-8300-7870-6390-3400-2650-2090-1830-167.0-5440-453aH,SeO40-5740-4920-4080-3120-250HoBry0-7920-73100-6420-5660-4960-409In2(804/sa0-1420-0950-0540-0350-0220-0170-0150-6570-6460-6360-6290-6220-6170-6080-6020-5980-5950-593KBeb0-9650-9520-5030-5950-9270-9030-8720-8220-7720-7220-6930-6730-5621KBrOs0-7450-6740-6250-5850-6460-6330-6230-6140.6060-5900-5870-5770-5690-8620-556KCNS0-7690-7160-6850-66360-5460-5380-3570-3270-3310-39K200g0-8920-8580-8070-7450-6780-570-4970-4300-6490-6370-6260-6180-6100-6040-593KC#0-9600-9520-9270-90208690-8160-7700-7180-6880-666$0-5860-5800-5760-5730-5690-5690-5180-5680-541KC1O30-9670-9500-9320-0070-870-8130-7400-6810-6350-590KCIO400-9600-9510-9240-8950-857((m=0-04834.y=0·7887)0-2920-2760-2630-2430-2350-223f0-2530-2140-2070-2010-19660-1900-190K,CrO40-4560-382)0·3400·3130-6700-6610-6540-6500-6460-6400-6430-640-6470-6520-6580-6780-700KFf0-7750-7270-7000-6820-1560-1460-1400-1360-1310-1280-1240-122eK,Fe(ON)0-2680-2120-1840-1670-0620-05620-0480-0460-052K,Fe(CN)600-1390-1000-0810-0700-5290-5010-4770-4560-438 0-4210-3930-3600-3480-332KH2PO40-7310-6530-6020-5610-6760-6670-6600-6540-6490-6400-6400-6370-6300-6300-6370-6440-652KI#0·9520-928:0-9030-8720-8200-7780-7330-7070-6890-5400-5190-4900-4760-4590-4430-4140-3900-3600-3500-3330-2970-265b0-9650-951KNO0-9260-8980-8620-7990-7390-6630-6140-5760·7320-7330-7360-7420-749.0-7560-7760-8000-827KOH0-8240-7980-7420-7340.8560-8880-9741-0810-7600-2640-2320-246K2804b0·8850-7770-7110-6380-5250-4410-3600-3160-286LaBrsa0-7900-72900-4020-6390-5620-4900-2680-2740-2850-321Lacl,0-3020-3420-3980-4700-5610-8250-7900-7290-6360-5600-4830-3880-3140-2740-2630-2610-6770-7530-7580-7670-7770-7890·8030-8370-8740-0170-9641-016LiBr0-9660-9540-9320-9000-8821-1611-34120-8420-7960-7660-7560-75210-7390-743LicL0-9630-9480-7550-7640-7740-7960-8230-8530-8850-9211-0261-1560-9210-8950·8650-8190-7900-7570-74490-7400-8080-820fLicIO40-8120-7940·7920·7989790341-0931-1583501-5820-824Lil0·8040-8131-7150-8150-8020-726LiINOSb0-9660-9660-9530-930)0-9040-8780-8340-7880-7520-7360-728a0-617LioH0-8030-7600-7020-6650-6380.49.0-70f0-319Li28040-4680-3370-2880-3980-381f0-546MgBr20-5500-5190-5180-5274-26f0-4811MgCl20-5290-4892-320-4770-475f0-647Mg(CiO4)29-190-5900-5780-6130-589f0-6147-93Mg120-5800-5580-5670-5840-0b0-8820-8380-7710-7120-6420-5540-470Mg(NOsh20-5230·4860-4810-4681-4520-068eMgS040-1500-1080-0880-070f0-440MnCl20-5160-4690-4500-44280-0640-058Mn8040-1500-1060-0730-0380-0850-649NHOI0-9240-8960-8620-8080-7700-7180-687.0-6650-561b0-582NHNO0-9250-8970-8600-7990-7400-6770-6360-6060-368b0-970-697NaBr0-960-940-910-890-850-7820-7410-7040-719a-J For method usod, see footnotes.on page 20