CONGESTION Causes Systemic: general or pulmonary Cardiac dysfunction(right or left Local: local venous compression or obstruction External compression -- Tumor, bandage Occlusion of lumen -- Thrombosis Embolism Thickening of venous wall Paralysis of neurogenic modulation--- Burn frostbite
Causes: Systemic: general or pulmonary Cardiac dysfunction (right or left) Local: local venous compression or obstruction External Compression --- Tumor, Bandage Occlusion of lumen --- Thrombosis, Embolism Thickening of venous wall Paralysis of neurogenic modulation --- Burn, frostbite CONGESTION
CONGESTION Chronic congestion Raised venous pressure Anoxia Metabolite accumulation Enlarged interendothelial gap Base membrane degeneration Parenchymal Interstitial fibrosis Atrophy Reticular fiber collapsed Increase permeability Degeneration Collagen increased Necrosis Fibroblast proliferation Microscopic scarring Edema hemorrhage Congestive sclerosis
CONGESTION Chronic congestion Raised venous pressure Anoxia Metabolite accumulation Enlarged interendothelial gap Base membrane degeneration Parenchymal Interstitial fibrosis Atrophy Reticular fiber collapsed Increase permeability Degeneration Collagen increased Necrosis Fibroblast proliferation Microscopic scarring Edema Hemorrhage Congestive sclerosis
CONGESTION Morphology Grossly hemorrhagic and wet Microscopically rich of red blood cells in small vessels
Morphology – Grossly hemorrhagic and wet – Microscopically rich of red blood cells in small vessels CONGESTION
CONGESTION Lung: Acute pulmonary congestion 4. ng out while cutting the lur、《滤 GrOss: Plump swollen lung with edema floy Alveolar capillaries highly dilated(rosary like appearance) and engorged with blood Alveolar cavity filled with eosinophilic edema fluid Manifestation Pink colored foamy sputum
CONGESTION Lung: Acute pulmonary congestion Gross: Plump swollen lung with shining pleura, edematous fluid flowing out while cutting the lung LM: Alveolar capillaries highly dilated (rosarylike appearance) and engorged with blood Alveolar cavity filled with eosinophilic edema fluid Manifestation Pink colored foamy sputum
d cells CONGESTION Edema fluid Lunge Chronic pulmonary congestion Heart Io Cytol Gross: Hard, with brown spots scattered Brown induration Septa thickened and fibrosis Alveolar spaces containing heart failure cells'-hemosiderin-laden macrophages Manifestation Rusty sputum, dyspnea, etc C3x
CONGESTION Lung: Chronic pulmonary congestion Gross: Hard, with brown spots scattered —— Brown induration LM: Septa thickened and fibrosis Alveolar spaces containing ‘heart failure cells’— hemosiderin-laden macrophages Manifestation Rusty sputum, dyspnea, etc