Unit 8 Section a I Background Knowledge Eatonville(A) It is a small community of great significance to African-American history and culture Located just north of Orlando, Florida between Winter Park and Maitland, it is historically recognized as the first incorporated African-American municipality in the United States and one of the oldest surviving African communities in the U.S. Following the Civil War free" Africans settling in the area worked primarily as farm hands clearing land or helping in the construction of nearby Maitland, a white township Eatonville(b) Eatonville is culturally important for its renowned native daughter, Zora Neale Hurston, author, anthropologist and folklorist. Her words captured forever the culture of the community and painted an It typical of the rural Southern working-class African-American Each January, Eatonville plays host to the Zora Neale hurston Festival of the Arts and Humanities In addition to Zora Neale hurston, other notable residents of Eatonville include Hall of Fame football player, Deacon Jones and Dr. Benjamin Perry, president of Florida A&M University Orlando(a) It is the fifth-ranking U.S. destination of overseas travelers - after San Francisco, Miami Los Angeles and New York City-and it claims the second highest number of hotel rooms in the U.S., lagging just behind Las Vegas in the bedroom stakes. The city has also established itself as part of Florida's high-tech corridor, boasting not only the space technology industries focused the Florida Space Coast(also keen on"booms"), but a healthy dose of bits and bytes makers Orlando(B) There wasn't much to Orlando until Walt Disney started buying up property at the city's southwestern edge in the 1960s and the property he bought became Disney World in 1971. Since then, waterslides, roller coasters, fairy tale palaces and costumed characters have made Disney World one of the world 's most visited tourist attractions Zora Neale Hurston(1891-1960)(A) American writer, folklorist and anthropologist. Born in Eatonville, Florida, Hurston was educated at Howard University, at Barnard College, and at Columbia University, where she studied under German-American anthropologist Franz Boas. Eatonville was the first incorporated all-black town in the United States, and Hurston returned there after college for anthropological field study that influenced her later output in fiction as well as in folklore Zora Neale hurston(1891-1960)(B) Hurston also collected folklore in Jamaica, Haiti, Bermuda, and Honduras. Mules and Men (1935), one of her best-known folklore collections, was based on her field research in the American South. Tell My Horse(1938)described folk customs in Haiti and Jamaica
Unit 8 Section A I. Background Knowledge Eatonville (A) It is a small community of great significance to African-American history and culture. Located just north of Orlando, Florida between Winter Park and Maitland, it is historically recognized as the first incorporated African-American municipality in the United States and one of the oldest surviving African communities in the U.S. Following the Civil War, “free” Africans settling in the area worked primarily as farm hands clearing land or helping in the construction of nearby Maitland, a white township. Eatonville (B) Eatonville is culturally important for its renowned native daughter, Zora Neale Hurston, author, anthropologist and folklorist. Her words captured forever the culture of the community and painted an image of an environment typical of the rural Southern working-class African-American. Each January, Eatonville plays host to the Zora Neale Hurston Festival of the Arts and Humanities. In addition to Zora Neale Hurston, other notable residents of Eatonville include Hall of Fame football player, Deacon Jones and Dr. Benjamin Perry, president of Florida A&M University. Orlando (A) It is the fifth-ranking U.S. destination of overseas travelers — after San Francisco, Miami, Los Angeles and New York City — and it claims the second highest number of hotel rooms in the U.S., lagging just behind Las Vegas in the bedroom stakes. The city has also established itself as part of Florida’s high-tech corridor, boasting not only the space technology industries focused on the Florida Space Coast (also keen on “booms”), but a healthy dose of bits and bytes makers as well. Orlando (B) There wasn’t much to Orlando until Walt Disney started buying up property at the city’s southwestern edge in the 1960s and the property he bought became Disney World in 1971. Since then, waterslides, roller coasters, fairy tale palaces and costumed characters have made Disney World one of the world’s most visited tourist attractions. Zora Neale Hurston (1891-1960) (A) American writer, folklorist and anthropologist. Born in Eatonville, Florida, Hurston was educated at Howard University, at Barnard College, and at Columbia University, where she studied under German-American anthropologist Franz Boas. Eatonville was the first incorporated all-black town in the United States, and Hurston returned there after college for anthropological field study that influenced her later output in fiction as well as in folklore. Zora Neale Hurston (1891-1960) (B) Hurston also collected folklore in Jamaica, Haiti, Bermuda, and Honduras. Mules and Men (1935), one of her best-known folklore collections, was based on her field research in the American South. Tell My Horse (1938) described folk customs in Haiti and Jamaica
As a fiction writer, Hurston is noted for her metaphorical language, her story-telling abilities, and her interest in and celebration of Southern black culture in the united States. Some of her earliest work was published in the small magazine Fire!!!, which Hurston, along with notable gston Hughes and Wallace Thurman produced in 1926 Zora Neale Hurston(1891-1960)(C) Her best-known novel is Their Eyes Were Watching God (1937), in which she tracked a Southern black woman's search, over 25 years and 3 marriages, for her true identity and a community in which she can develop that identity. Hurston's prolific literary output also includes such novels as Jonah's Gourd Vine(1934)and Seraph on the Suwanee(1948), short stories, plays, journal articles, and an autobiography, Dust Tracks on a Road (1942). Hurston's work was not political, but her characters'use of dialect, her manner of portraying black culture, and her conservatism created controversy within the black community Zora Neale Hurston(1891-1960)(D) search for freedom. In her later years Hurston experienced health problems, and she died impoverished and unrecognized by the literary community. Her writings, however, were rediscovered in the 1970s by a new generation of black writers, notably Alice Walker, and many of Hurston's works were republished. In 1995 a two-volume set of her writings, some previously unpublished was released Jacksonville It is 134 miles northeast of Orlando, Florida. Once infamous for its smelly paper mills, it is now one of the Souths insurance and banking capitals. Although Jacksonville claims to be the capital of Floridas historic "First Coast,, the city dates its beginnings from an early-1800 settlement named Cowford, because cattle crossed the St Johns River here. Cowford changed its name to Jacksonville in 1822 to honor General Andrew Jackson, the provisional governor who forced Spain to cede Florida to the United States 2 years earlier II. Text Analysis Main idea of the text: When I was young living in the Negro town of Eatonville, I enjoyed watching and contacting the white people. To me, the difference between black and white was that the white rode through town and never lived there when i moved to a school in Jacksonville i was taken as a black girl It didnt depress me, though. Rather, I regarded as an advantage the history that my forefathers had been slaves. In my view, people of different colors are just the differently colored bags with Most the same contents in them How is the text organized? The passage is divided into three parts. In the first part, the author makes it clear that Zora, as a little black girl, didnt feel any difference from the white. The second part serves as a transitional part, relating that Zora was made to realize that she was a black girl. The third part comes to the argument that the knowledge of being a black girl didnt depress Zora, and she was not always Part 1(Paras. 1-3) i didn't feel the difference between the black and the white when i was a little girl
As a fiction writer, Hurston is noted for her metaphorical language, her story-telling abilities, and her interest in and celebration of Southern black culture in the United States. Some of her earliest work was published in the small magazine Fire!!, which Hurston, along with notable writers such as Langston Hughes and Wallace Thurman, produced in 1926. Zora Neale Hurston (1891-1960) (C) Her best-known novel is Their Eyes Were Watching God (1937), in which she tracked a Southern black woman’s search, over 25 years and 3 marriages, for her true identity and a community in which she can develop that identity. Hurston’s prolific literary output also includes such novels as Jonah’s Gourd Vine (1934) and Seraph on the Suwanee (1948), short stories, plays, journal articles, and an autobiography, Dust Tracks on a Road (1942). Hurston’s work was not political, but her characters’ use of dialect, her manner of portraying black culture, and her conservatism created controversy within the black community. Zora Neale Hurston (1891-1960) (D) Throughout her career she addressed issues of race and gender, often relating them to the search for freedom. In her later years Hurston experienced health problems, and she died impoverished and unrecognized by the literary community. Her writings, however, were rediscovered in the 1970s by a new generation of black writers, notably Alice Walker, and many of Hurston’s works were republished. In 1995 a two-volume set of her writings, some previously unpublished, was released. Jacksonville It is 134 miles northeast of Orlando, Florida. Once infamous for its smelly paper mills, it is now one of the South’s insurance and banking capitals.Although Jacksonville claims to be the capital of Florida’s historic “First Coast”, the city dates its beginnings from an early-1800s settlement named Cowford, because cattle crossed the St. Johns River here. Cowford changed its name to Jacksonville in 1822 to honor General Andrew Jackson, the provisional governor who forced Spain to cede Florida to the United States 2 years earlier. II. Text Analysis Main idea of the text: When I was young living in the Negro town of Eatonville, I enjoyed watching and contacting the white people. To me, the difference between black and white was that the white rode through town and never lived there. When I moved to a school in Jacksonville, I was taken as a black girl. It didn’t depress me, though. Rather, I regarded as an advantage the history that my forefathers had been slaves. In my view, people of different colors are just the differently colored bags with almost the same contents in them. How is the text organized? The passage is divided into three parts. In the first part, the author makes it clear that Zora, as a little black girl, didn’t feel any difference from the white. The second part serves as a transitional part, relating that Zora was made to realize that she was a black girl. The third part comes to the argument that the knowledge of being a black girl didn’t depress Zora, and she was not always conscious of her color. Part 1 (Paras. 1-3) I didn’t feel the difference between the black and the white when I was a little girl
Part 2(Para. 4) A transitional paragraph. I was made to realize that I was a little black gi Part 3 (Paras. 5-7) My family background of having slave forefathers and my color didnt give me the feeling of being inferior to the white. Part 1(para. 1-3) Main idea? When I was a little girl, I enjoyed making some contacts with the white, and didnt see any difference between black and white except that the white rode through town and never lived there Devices for developing it? Specific-general(分一总法) A general statement Though I was a black, I did not feel any difference between the black and the white The only difference I felt about the white was that they rode through town and never lived there. They liked to hear me speak and sing and wanted to see me dance and then they gave me a bit of mone Part II (Para. 3-4) Main idea? It was when I was thirteen that I found out in my heart as well as in the mirror that I was a little Devices for developing it? Cause and effect(因果法 Cause: But changes came to the family when I was thirteen, and I was sent to school in Jacksonville. I left Eatonville as Zora. When I got off the riverboat at Jacksonville, she was no Effect: It seemed that I had suffered a huge changel was not Zora of Eatonville any more; I was now a little black girl. I found it out in certain ways. In my heart as well as in the mirror became a permanent brown - like the best shoe polish, guaranteed not to rub nor run Part Ill (Para. 5-9) Now as an adult, I dont think that being the granddaughter of slaves has negative effect on me. I dont always feel colored, and in the main I believe different races are just bags of different colors hich are filled with almost same contents Devices for developing it? General- specific(总分法) Description(描写法) General statement: It fails to register depression with 1. Slavery is something sixty years in the past 2. No one on earth ever had a greater chance for glory. The world to be won and nothing to be lost 3. It is thrilling to think, to know, that for any act of mine, I shall get twice as much praise or twice
Part 2 (Para. 4) A transitional paragraph. I was made to realize that I was a little black girl . Part 3 (Paras. 5-7) My family background of having slave forefathers and my color didn’t give me the feeling of being inferior to the white. Part 1 (para.1-3) Main idea? When I was a little girl, I enjoyed making some contacts with the white, and didn’t see any difference between black and white except that the white rode through town and never lived there. Devices for developing it? Specific-general (分—总法) A general statement: Though I was a black, I did not feel any difference between the black and the white. The only difference I felt about the white was that they rode through town and never lived there. They liked to hear me speak and sing and wanted to see me dance ,and then they gave me a bit of money. Part II (Para. 3-4) Main idea? It was when I was thirteen that I found out in my heart as well as in the mirror that I was a little black girl. Devices for developing it? Cause and effect (因果法) Cause: But changes came to the family when I was thirteen, and I was sent to school in Jacksonville. I left Eatonville as Zora. When I got off the riverboat at Jacksonville, she was no more. Effect: It seemed that I had suffered a huge changeI was not Zora of Eatonville any more; I was now a little black girl.I found it out in certain ways. In my heart as well as in the mirror I became a permanent brown — like the best shoe polish, guaranteed not to rub nor run. Part III (Para. 5-9) Main idea? Now as an adult, I don’t think that being the granddaughter of slaves has negative effect on me. I don’t always feel colored, and in the main I believe different races are just bags of different colors which are filled with almost same contents. Devices for developing it? General-specific (总分法) Description (描写法) General statement: It fails to register depression with me. Specific reasons: 1.Slavery is something sixty years in the past. 2.No one on earth ever had a greater chance for glory. The world to be won and nothing to be lost. 3.It is thrilling to think, to know, that for any act of mine, I shall get twice as much praise or twice
as much blame. It is quite exciting to hold the center of the national stage The author compares herself, or all the black, to a brown bag of mixed items. (L. 50) People of other colors are compared to white, red and yellow bags. (L.5 The racial differences are compared to the contents of bags with different colors, piles of The sameness of races is compared to bags refilled with items from a single heap without altering the contents of any greatly. (L. 56-59) III. Language Points 1. to be something else again/ another thing(L.6)又是另一回事 卖嘴是一回事,实干又是另一回事 While lip-service is something /one thing, solid work is quite something else again / another 2 to peer at/into/ through(L.6)凝视;仔细看 司机在雾中费力地看着前方,想要看清路标 The driver was peering into the distance through the mist, trying to read the road sign 3. to get pleasure out of sth.(L.8)从…中获得乐趣 对于喜爱冒险的人来说,最大的乐趣来自于诸如攀岩、蹦极、特技跳伞等冒险活动。 To those who enjoy risks, the greatest pleasure is obtained out of such adventures as rock climbing, bungee jumping and skydiving 4. to be a front row seat for sb.(L9对某人来说就像前排座位一样 在火星上工作的探测器使科学家们可以清晰地观察这个星球。那里可能或曾经存在支持生命 的水 The probe at work on the Mars made scientists front-row spectators at the planet where life-sustaining water may exist or have existed 5 In passing(L.11)顺便;附带地 尽管他不是靠盗窃为生,但他经常干些顺手牵羊的事。 Although he does not make a living by stealing, he often takes something in passing 6.just) in time to do sth.(L.16)正好赶上做某事 在许多好莱坞大片的末尾,人们总能及时设法消除致命性的灾难,使人类免遭灭顶之灾。 At the end of many Hollywood blockbusters, a solution to a fatal disaster is always worked out just in time to save mankind from termination 7. to give sh. generously of sth.(L.23)慷慨地把某物给某人 宽以待人者不仅能赢得他人的友谊,还会得到他人的关爱。 Those giving other people of their patience and tolerance can win love and care friendship of others 8. to suffer a huge change/ loss/ pain(L.33)遺遇了巨大的变化/损失/痛苦 经历过人生大起大落变化的人对生活之道会有更深刻的见解。 Those who have suffered up-and-down changes in life have a deeper insight into the art of living 9. to be at one' s elbow(L.35)在(某人)手边/近旁 挚友不一定与你朝夕相处,但他的关爱总是与你同在。 a bosom friend is not always at your elbow, but his care and love for you are 10. to register depression/ surprise/ excitement with sb.(L.36)使某人沮丧/吃惊/兴
as much blame. It is quite exciting to hold the center of the national stage … The author compares herself, or all the black, to a brown bag of mixed items. (L. 50) People of other colors are compared to white, red and yellow bags. (L. 51) The racial differences are compared to the contents of bags with different colors, piles of small things both valuable and worthless. (L. 52-55) The sameness of races is compared to bags refilled with items from a single heap without altering the contents of any greatly. (L. 56-59) III. Language Points 1. to be something else again / another thing (L. 6) 又是另一回事 卖嘴是一回事，实干又是另一回事。 While lip-service is something / one thing, solid work is quite something else again / another. 2. to peer at / into / through (L. 6) 凝视；仔细看 司机在雾中费力地看着前方，想要看清路标。 The driver was peering into the distance through the mist, trying to read the road sign. 3. to get pleasure out of sth. (L. 8) 从……中获得乐趣 对于喜爱冒险的人来说，最大的乐趣来自于诸如攀岩、蹦极、特技跳伞等冒险活动。 To those who enjoy risks, the greatest pleasure is obtained out of such adventures as rock climbing, bungee jumping and skydiving. 4. to be a front row seat for sb. (L. 9 对某人来说就像前排座位一样 在火星上工作的探测器使科学家们可以清晰地观察这个星球。那里可能或曾经存在支持生命 的水。 The probe at work on the Mars made scientists front-row spectators at the planet where life-sustaining water may exist or have existed. 5. in passing (L. 11) 顺便；附带地 尽管他不是靠盗窃为生，但他经常干些顺手牵羊的事。 Although he does not make a living by stealing, he often takes something in passing. 6. (just) in time to do sth. (L. 16) 正好赶上做某事 在许多好莱坞大片的末尾，人们总能及时设法消除致命性的灾难，使人类免遭灭顶之灾。 At the end of many Hollywood blockbusters, a solution to a fatal disaster is always worked out just in time to save mankind from termination. 7. to give sb. generously of sth. (L. 23) 慷慨地把某物给某人 宽以待人者不仅能赢得他人的友谊，还会得到他人的关爱。 Those giving other people of their patience and tolerance can win love and care as well as friendship of others. 8. to suffer a huge change / loss / pain (L. 33) 遭遇了巨大的变化 / 损失 / 痛苦 经历过人生大起大落变化的人对生活之道会有更深刻的见解。 Those who have suffered up-and-down changes in life have a deeper insight into the art of living. 9. to be at one’s elbow (L. 35) 在（某人）手边 / 近旁 挚友不一定与你朝夕相处，但他的关爱总是与你同在。 A bosom friend is not always at your elbow, but his care and love for you are. 10. to register depression / surprise / excitement with sb. (L. 36) 使某人沮丧 / 吃惊 / 兴 奋
人要学会控制情绪,做到不以物喜,不以己悲。 One should learn to keep his emotion under such control that external gains can't register thrill with him and personal losses cant register sorrow with him, either 1l. on the line(L.38)各就各位;骑墙;冒险;在分界线上 由于利欲熏心,有些官员常常拿自己的政治生涯冒险 Driven by their greed for money, some officials often put their political careers on the line 12. to be off to a flying start/ to get off to a good(bad) start(L39)飞速起跑/取得良好 (不利的开端 良好的开端,是成功的一半。 Anything is half done that gets off to a good start. 13. the price one pays for…(L40)为·所付的代价 环境恶化是人类在征服大自然过程中为自己的急功近利所付出的代价 ntal deterioration is the price man has paid for his eagerness for instant success and quick profits in conquering nature 14. to hold the center of the national stage(L.4)占据国内舞台的中心 在科研领域的竞争中,人才竞争是核心 Competition for talented people holds the center of the competition in scientific research 15. in the main/ on the whole/ in general(L.50)基本上;大体上 大体上来说,人之初,性本善的说法没错。但是,后天教育、生活环境、个人经历的不同使 人有了好坏之分 It is in the main true that mans nature at birth is good. But the differences in education, living environment and personal experiences make the distinction between good people and evil people 16. to prop叩p(L51)支撑;支持;维持 靠酒肉维系的友谊是不可能长久 The friendship propped up with wine and meat finds no way to last 17. in company with(L.51)与···一起 透过现象看本质,就可以发现腐败总是与缺乏制约的权力共生 By seeing through the appearance to perceive the essence, we can find that corruption always exists in company with power under inadequate control 18. to be bent under the weight/ pressure of..(L.55)被··的重量压弯 美国国防部长屈从于世界舆论的压力对其士兵虐待战俘承担全部责任。 The US Secretary of Defense bent under the pressure of world opinions and took full responsibility for his soldiers' maltreatment of Pow Expressions Patterns 1. Typical patterns for describing the coincidence RRa: If one of my family happened to come to the front of the house in time to see me, of course the conversation would be rudely broken off.(L. 15) 如果正赶上家里人碰巧来到房前见到我,他们当然就会毫不客气地打断我们的交谈 句型提炼 If sb /sth happens to .o in time to e, sb /sth(else)will /would .ao 如果某人/某事碰巧··从而·…·(别)某人/某事就会 应用:a.如果美国国防部长碰巧到基层部队视察从而看到他的士兵虐待战俘,我们真不知
人要学会控制情绪，做到不以物喜，不以己悲。 One should learn to keep his emotion under such control that external gains can’t register thrill with him and personal losses can’t register sorrow with him, either. 11. on the line (L. 38) 各就各位; 骑墙; 冒险; 在分界线上 由于利欲熏心,有些官员常常拿自己的政治生涯冒险。 Driven by their greed for money, some officials often put their political careers on the line. 12. to be off to a flying start / to get off to a good (bad) start (L. 39) 飞速起跑 / 取得良好 (不利)的开端 良好的开端，是成功的一半。 Anything is half done that gets off to a good start. 13. the price one pays for … (L. 40) 为 ······ 所付的代价 环境恶化是人类在征服大自然过程中为自己的急功近利所付出的代价。 Environmental deterioration is the price man has paid for his eagerness for instant success and quick profits in conquering nature. 14. to hold the center of the national stage (L. 44) 占据国内舞台的中心 在科研领域的竞争中，人才竞争是核心。 Competition for talented people holds the center of the competition in scientific research. 15. in the main / on the whole / in general (L. 50) 基本上；大体上 大体上来说，人之初，性本善的说法没错。但是，后天教育、生活环境、个人经历的不同使 人有了好坏之分。 It is in the main true that man’s nature at birth is good. But the differences in education, living environment and personal experiences make the distinction between good people and evil people. 16. to prop up (L. 51) 支撑; 支持; 维持 靠酒肉维系的友谊是不可能长久的。 The friendship propped up with wine and meat finds no way to last. 17. in company with (L. 51) 与 ······ 一起 透过现象看本质，就可以发现腐败总是与缺乏制约的权力共生。 By seeing through the appearance to perceive the essence, we can find that corruption always exists in company with power under inadequate control. 18. to be bent under the weight / pressure of ... (L. 55) 被 ······ 的重量压弯 美国国防部长屈从于世界舆论的压力,对其士兵虐待战俘承担全部责任。 The US Secretary of Defense bent under the pressure of world opinions and took full responsibility for his soldiers’ maltreatment of POW. Expressions & Patterns 1. Typical patterns for describing the coincidence: 原句: If one of my family happened to come to the front of the house in time to see me, of course the conversation would be rudely broken off. (L. 15) 如果正赶上家里人碰巧来到房前见到我，他们当然就会毫不客气地打断我们的交谈。 句型提炼 If sb. / sth. happens to … in time to …, sb. / sth. (else) will / would … 如果某人／某事碰巧 ······ 从而 ······，（别）某人 ／某事就会 ······ 应用：a. 如果美国国防部长碰巧到基层部队视察从而看到他的士兵虐待战俘，我们真不知