Chapter6Starlight and Atoms星光和原子2006 Brooks/Cole-Thomson
Starlight and Atoms 星光和原子 Chapter 6
The Amazing Power of StarlightJust by analyzing the light received froma star,astronomers can retrieve information about a star's从观测星光可以得到的信息1.Total energyoutput总能量2.Surfacetemperature表面温度3.Radius半径4.Chemical composition化学组成5.Velocityrelative toEarth相对于地球的速度6.Rotation period 自传周期
The Amazing Power of Starlight Just by analyzing the light received from a star, astronomers can retrieve information about a star’s 1. Total energy output 总能量 2. Surface temperature 表面温度 3. Radius 半径 4. Chemical composition 化学组成 5. Velocity relative to Earth 相对于地球的速度 6. Rotation period 自传周期 从观测星光 可以得到的 信息
Light and MatterWhight光与物质PrismSpectra of stars are morecomplicatedthanpureblackbodyspectra恒星光谱比纯黑体光谱复杂得多，Vlitrawoleinfraredcharacteristiclines,calledShortwaveknngthisLongwyvedorgitsVisitieigtt spectrumabsorptionlinesHCH06.5特征线：吸收线B086A1Tounderstandthoselines,weA5FOneedto understandatomicF5structureand theinteractionsGObetween lightandatoms.G5KOK5需要了解原子结构以及MDM5光和原子的相互作用TioToTIOTiOTIoTOSodium400m500nm600.mm700nmWaveieingth (nm)
Light and Matter 光与物质 Spectra of stars are more complicated than pure black body spectra 恒星光谱比纯黑体光谱复 杂得多. →characteristic lines, called absorption lines →特征线：吸收线. To understand those lines, we need to understand atomic structure and the interactions between light and atoms. 需要了解原子结构以及 光和原子的相互作用
Atomic Structure原子结构Anatomconsistsofanatomicnucleus(protonsandneutrons)andaElectroncloudof electronssurroundingitcloud原子由原子核（质子和中子）和电子云组成。AlmostallofthemassiscontainedFootballfieldinthe nucleus几乎所有质量都在原子核Grapeseed
Atomic Structure 原子结构 • An atom consists of an atomic nucleus (protons and neutrons) and a cloud of electrons surrounding it. 原子由原子核（质子和 中子）和电子云组成。 • Almost all of the mass is contained in the nucleus. 几乎所有质量都在原子核
If you could fill a teaspoonjust with material as denseas the matter in an atomicnucleus, it would weigh ~2 billion tons!!一勺原子核物质～2x109吨（20亿吨）
If you could fill a teaspoon just with material as dense as the matter in an atomic nucleus, it would weigh ~ 2 billion tons!! 一勺原子核物质～2x109吨 （20亿吨）