Chapter 4 Nutritional disease
Nutritional Disease Chapter 4
rotein-energy Malnutrition (PEM
Protein-energy Malnutrition (PEM)
Definition PEM is a kind of malnutrition caused by inadequate dietary intake or some diseases occurs commonly in children under 3 years of age. Kwashiorkor Marasmus
Definition ➢ PEM is a kind of malnutrition caused by inadequate dietary intake or some diseases, occurs commonly in children under 3 years of age. Kwashiorkor Marasmus
Etiology The Primary PEM Inadequate food intake Children under 3 yrs The Secondary causes Increased nutrient needs Disorder in nutrient absorption Increased body metabolism
Etiology ➢ The Primary PEM Inadequate food intake Children under 3 yrs ➢ The Secondary causes Increased nutrient needs Disorder in nutrient absorption Increased body metabolism
Pathophysiology Metabolism disorder Protein metabolism anabolism catabolism I; hypoalbuminemia Fat metabolism mobilized fat store, acetone body t; metabolism acidosis; fatty liver Carbohydrate: low hepatin, hypoglycemia o Fluid electrolyte disorders hypernatremia; edema; potassium disorder; acid-base disturbances
Pathophysiology ➢ Metabolism disorder ⚫ Protein metabolism anabolism & catabolism ; hypoalbuminemia ⚫ Fat metabolism mobilized fat store, acetone body ; metabolism acidosis; fatty liver ⚫ Carbohydrate: low hepatin, hypoglycemia ⚫ Fluid & electrolyte disorders hypernatremia; edema; potassium disorder; acid-base disturbances