《现代计算机体系结构》课程教学课件（英文讲稿）Lecture 13 An Introduction to Cloud Data Centers

高级计算机体系结构设计及其在数据中心和云计算的应用AvailabilityDatacenters have strict standards for reliability andavailabilityTier 1: 99.671% Availability: 28 hours of downtime/yearTier 2: 99.741% Availability: 22 hours of downtime/yearTier 3:99.982%Availability: 1.5 hours of downtime/yearTier 4:99.995%Availability:26minutes of downtime/year

高级计算机体系结构设计及其在数据中心和云计算的应 用 Availability Datacenters have strict standards for reliability and availability • Tier 1: 99.671% Availability: 28 hours of downtime/year • Tier 2: 99.741% Availability: 22 hours of downtime/year • Tier 3: 99.982% Availability: 1.5 hours of downtime/year • Tier 4: 99.995% Availability: 26 minutes of downtime/year

高级计算机体系结构设计及其在数据中心和云计算的应用TopFiveDataCenterConcernsFall 2005Spring 2008Spring 2009Fall 2009AvailabilityHeat DensityHeat DensityHeat DensityInfrastructureEfciencyPower DensityPower DensityManagementAvailbilityAvailabilityAdequate MonitoringHeat DensityEfficiencyAvailabiltyFuzzy growth plansAdequate MonitoringEfficiencyPower DensityPower DensityTechnology ChangesAdequate MonitoringFigure1.SummaryresultsfromData CenterUsersGroup surveys.Source:DCUG

高级计算机体系结构设计及其在数据中心和云计算的应 用

高级计算机体系结构设计及其在数据中心和云计算的应用76543210ManufacturingBankingEnergyTelecomRetailHealthcareDowntimeCost($M/Hour)Figure3.Costsbyindustryforonehourofdowntimeinmillions of dollars

高级计算机体系结构设计及其在数据中心和云计算的应 用

高级计算机体系结构设计及其在数据中心和云计算的应用Figure ES-1.Comparison of Projected ElectricityUse,All Scenarios, 2007 to 2011140Future energy←HistoricalenergyuseHistorical trendsuseprojections→scenario120eeCurrentefficiencytrendsscenario100lmprovedoperation80scenario60Bestpracticescenario40State oftheartscenario200200020012002200320042005200620072008200920102011

高级计算机体系结构设计及其在数据中心和云计算的应 用 29

高级计算机体系结构设计及其在数据中心和云计算的应用Why is Datacenter Design Interesting?Analogy to computer architecture+ There are many issues that influence the performance/reliability of a desktopChoiceofCPUCachedesignsandmemoryhierarchiesOSStorage design (e.g., RAIDO-RAID5, etc.)Power/Cooling*SimilarissuesarepresentinadatacenterStoragesubsystemNetworkinginfrastructurePowerdistribution/CoolingReliabilityguarantees (mission-critical?)

高级计算机体系结构设计及其在数据中心和云计算的应 用 Why is Datacenter Design Interesting? Analogy to computer architecture  There are many issues that influence the performance/reliability of a desktop  Choice of CPU  Cache designs and memory hierarchies  OS  Storage design (e.g., RAID0-RAID5, etc.)  Power/Cooling  Similar issues are present in a datacenter  Storage subsystem  Networking infrastructure  Power distribution/Cooling  Reliability guarantees (mission-critical?)