Cardiac Output Cardiac output is the amount of blood that S the ventricle ejects per minute Cardiac Output =HR X SV
Cardiac Output • Cardiac output is the amount of blood that the ventricle ejects per minute Cardiac Output = HR x SV
Determinants of ventricular Function contractility Preload Afterload Stroke Volume Synergistic LV Contraction Wall Integrity Heart rate Valular Competence Cardiac Output
Stroke Volume Preload Afterload Contractility Cardiac Output Heart Rate • Synergistic LV Contraction • Wall Integrity • Valvular Competence Determinants of Ventricular Function
Left Ventricular Dysfunction volume Pressure Impaired Overload Overload Myocardium Contractility LV Dysfunction EF<40% 个 End Systolic Volume 丿 Cardiac Output 个 End Diastolic Volume Hypoperfusion Pulmonary Congestion
Volume Overload Pressure Overload Loss of Myocardium Impaired Contractility LV Dysfunction EF < 40% Cardiac Output Hypoperfusion End Systolic Volume End Diastolic Volume Pulmonary Congestion Left Ventricular Dysfunction
Hemodynamic Basis for Heart Failure Symptoms RA LA RV LV PA PY Pu n nary capillaries Great veins Arteries venules Arterioles Systemic capillaries
Hemodynamic Basis for Heart Failure Symptoms
Hemodynamic Basis for Heart Failure Symptoms S M W LVEDP↑ Left Atrial Pressure A16 13 Pulmonary Capillary Pressure 1 Pulmonary congestion
Hemodynamic Basis for Heart Failure Symptoms LVEDP Left Atrial Pressure Pulmonary Capillary Pressure Pulmonary Congestion