传染病暴发的历史带给我们的启迪 ■传染病只能控制,不可能彻底消灭 传染病的暴发与人类侵犯自然相关 ■忽略对传染病的防控将带来新、老疾病的流行 ■历史常常重演,使传染病的格局不断发生变化 传染病诊治国家重点实验室 State Key laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases6
6 传染病只能控制，不可能彻底消灭 传染病的暴发与人类侵犯自然相关 忽略对传染病的防控将带来新、老疾病的流行 历史常常重演，使传染病的格局不断发生变化 传染病暴发的历史带给我们的启迪 传染病诊治国家重点实验室 State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases
传染病防治的辉煌战果 1.微生物的发现 Year Scientist achievement 1683 Hoek found bacteria 1876 Koch bacteria of anthrax, cholera, tuberculosis 1880 Paster Ferment rotten is related with microbe; Pasteurization 1880 Laveran plasmodium 1892 Ivanowsk filterable virus 1898 Beijerinck pick up the virus 1965 Blumberg HBsAg 1970 D ane HBV DNA 传染病诊治国家重点实验室 State Key laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases7
7 Year Scientist achievement 1683 Hoek found bacteria 1876 Koch bacteria of anthrax, cholera, tuberculosis 1880 Pastear Ferment & rotten is related with microbe; Pasteurizarion 1880 Laveran plasmodium 1892 Ivanowsk filterable virus 1898 Beijerinck pick up the virus 1965 Blumberg HBsAg 1970 Dane HBV DNA 1. 微生物的发现 传染病防治的辉煌战果 传染病诊治国家重点实验室 State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases
人感染H7N病毒的溯源 THE LANCET 二≯人感染H7N9病毒与活禽市场鸡分离的 病毒高度同源(同源性超过99.4%), 同商园 活禽市场是人类感染H7N9的主要源头 >H7N9病毒复制系统重要基因出现突变 如PB2Asp70Asn,更容易感染哺乳 动物 >H7N9重症患者有类似SARS病毒感染的 细胞因子风暴,而轻症患老无此现象 了4G0H 4+163H 乐特H LANCET, April, 2013 8
8 人感染H7N9病毒的溯源 ➢ 人感染H7N9病毒与活禽市场鸡分离的 病毒高度同源（同源性超过99.4%）， 活禽市场是人类感染H7N9的主要源头 ➢ H7N9病毒复制系统重要基因出现突变， 如PB2 Asp701Asn，更容易感染哺乳 动物 ➢ H7N9重症患者有类似SARS病毒感染的 细胞因子风暴，而轻症患者无此现象 LANCET，April, 2013
传染病防治的辉煌战果 2.免疫学的兴起 Year Scientist achievement 1796 Jenner smallpox vaccine 1880Pastear vaccines against anthrax, rabies 1890 Behring Kitasato Diphtheria antitoxin 1921 Calmette guerin B C G. Vaccine 1969 Blumberg hepatitis b vaccine from human plasma 1986 unknown recombinant hepatitis b vaccine √消灭或基本控制 smallpox, poliomvelit 传染病诊治国家重点实验室 State Key laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases9
9 Year Scientist achievement 1796 Jenner smallpox vaccine 1880 Pastear vaccines against anthrax, rabies 1890 Behring & Kitasato Diphtheria antitoxin 1921 Calmette & Guerin B.C.G.Vaccine 1969 Blumberg hepatitis B vaccine from human plasma 1986 unknown recombinant hepatitis B vaccine 2. 免疫学的兴起 ✓ 消灭或基本控制 —— smallpox, poliomyelitis 传染病防治的辉煌战果 传染病诊治国家重点实验室 State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases
传染病防治的辉煌战果 3.抗微生物药物的发现和应用 Year Scientist achievement 1928 Fleming penicillin 1942 Waksman streptomycin 1961 Abraham cephalosporin 1957 Isaacs interferon 1960 unknown Amphotericin B 1978 unknown praziquantel 199 David ho(何大一)| highly active anti-retroviral therapy, HAART 1998 unknown Lamivudine to hepatitis B 传染病诊治国家重点实验室 State Key laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases10
10 Year Scientist achievement 1928 Fleming penicillin 1942 Waksman streptomycin 1961 Abraham cephalosporin 1957 Isaacs interferon 1960 unknown Amphotericin B 1978 unknown praziquantel 1996 David Ho (何大一) highly active anti-retroviral therapy, HAART 1998 unknown Lamivudine to hepatitis B 3. 抗微生物药物的发现和应用 传染病防治的辉煌战果 传染病诊治国家重点实验室 State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Diseases