人工智能基础 吉建民 USTC jianminOustc.edu.cn 2022年2月20日 口卡4三4色进分QC
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 人工智能基础 吉建民 USTC jianmin@ustc.edu.cn 2022 年 2 月 20 日
Used Materials Disclaimer:本课件采用了S.Russell and P.Norvig's Artificial Intelligence-A modern approach slides,徐林莉老师课件和其他网 络课程课件，也采用了GitHub中开源代码，以及部分网络博客 内容 4口◆4⊙t1三1=，￥9QC
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Used Materials Disclaimer: 本课件采用了 S. Russell and P. Norvig’s Artificial Intelligence –A modern approach slides, 徐林莉老师课件和其他网 络课程课件，也采用了 GitHub 中开源代码，以及部分网络博客 内容
Table of Contents Course overview What is Al7 A brief history The state of the art 口卡4回三4色，进分QC
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Table of Contents Course overview What is AI? A brief history The state of the art
Different people think of Al differently "The automation of]activities that we "The study of mental faculties through associate with human thinking,activ- the use of computational models" ities such as decision-making.problem (Charniak+MeDermott,1985) solving.learning..."(Bellman.1978) "The study of how to make computers "The branch of computer science that do things at which,at the moment.peo- is concerned with the automation of in- ple are better"(Rich+Knight,1991) telligent behavior"(Luger+Stubblefield. 1993) Views of Al fall into four categories: Thinking humanly Thinking rationally Acting humanly Acting rationally The textbook advocates“acting rationally(理性的)
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Different people think of AI differently The textbook advocates “acting rationally (理性的)
Acting humanly::The Turing Test图灵测试 Turing(1950)"Computing machinery and intelligence": 1"Can machines think?”→“Can machines behave intelligently?" I Operational test for intelligent behavior:the Imitation Game MAN A SYSTEM I Predicted that by 2000,a machine might have a 30%chance of fooling a lay person for 5 minutes Anticipated all major arguments against Al in following 50 years Suggested major components of Al:knowledge(知识)， reasoning(推理)，language understanding(语言理解)， learning(学习) Problem:Turing test is not reproducible,constructive,or amenable to mathematical analysis
. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . Acting humanly: The Turing Test 图灵测试 Turing (1950) “Computing machinery and intelligence”: ▶ “Can machines think?” −→ “Can machines behave intelligently?” ▶ Operational test for intelligent behavior: the Imitation Game AI SYSTEM HUMAN ? HUMAN INTERROGATOR ▶ Predicted that by 2000, a machine might have a 30% chance of fooling a lay person for 5 minutes ▶ Anticipated all major arguments against AI in following 50 years ▶ Suggested major components of AI: knowledge (知识), reasoning (推理), language understanding (语言理解), learning (学习) Problem: Turing test is not reproducible, constructive, or amenable to mathematical analysis