PART 1 Adaptation of Cell and Tissue
Adaptation of Cell and Tissue
Homeostasis (normal cells) o The normal cell is a highly complex unit in which the various organelles and enzyme systems continuously carry out the metabolic activities that maintain cell viability and support its normal functions. Normal function is dependent on: Dthe immediate environment of the cell; 2a continuous supply of nutrients such as oxygen, glucose,and amino acids; 3constant removal of the products of metabolism, including CO2
Homeostasis (normal cells) The normal cell is a highly complex unit in which the various organelles and enzyme systems continuously carry out the metabolic activities that maintain cell viability and support its normal functions. Normal function is dependent on: ①the immediate environment of the cell; ②a continuous supply of nutrients such as oxygen, glucose, and amino acids; ③constant removal of the products of metabolism, including CO2
NORMAL CELL REVERSIBLE (homeostasis) INJURY Stress Injurious Mild, stimulus transient ADAPTATION CELL INJURY Inability to adapt Severe, progressive IRREVERSIBLE INJURY CELL NE CROSIS DEATH APOPTOSIS
Adaptations of Cell and Tissue Adaptations of cells are reversible changes in number, size,phenotype (morphology),metabolic activities or functions in response to changes in environment o It reflects cell's adjustment to the stress before reaching a new equilibrium (homeostasis) Mainly,include Atrophy,Hypertrophy,Hyperplasia and Metaplasia
Adaptations of Cell and Tissue Adaptations of cells are reversible changes in number, size, phenotype (morphology), metabolic activities or functions in response to changes in environment It reflects cell’s adjustment to the stress before reaching a new equilibrium (homeostasis) Mainly, include Atrophy, Hypertrophy, Hyperplasia and Metaplasia
√Atrophy o Decrease in cell size and/or decrease in cell numbers,resulting in decrease in size and weight of a tissue or organ. Distinct from agenesis,aplasia and hypoplasia. Physiological (developmental)vs pathologic atrophy
Atrophy Decrease in cell size and/or decrease in cell numbers, resulting in decrease in size and weight of a tissue or organ. Distinct from agenesis, aplasia and hypoplasia. Physiological (developmental) vs pathologic atrophy