. History and Historiography 3. Interpretation and Form Interpretation o Selection, arrangement, and explanation ofhistoricalfacts Selection of a subject Historiography and Literary art
I. History and Historiography 3. Interpretation and Form ⚫ Interpretation ⚫ Selection, arrangement, and explanation of historical facts ⚫ Selection of a subject ⚫ Historiography and Literary Art
Civilizations 1. Definition: a developed or advanced state of human society 2. Description People live in urban centers People have productive survival, such as agriculture and smelting metals People have live in the complex political, economic and social structure, under religious and law abiding People have developed a method of writing in all meanings of the word
II. Civilizations 1. Definition: a developed or advanced state of human society 2. Description ⚫ People live in urban centers ⚫ People have productive survival, such as agriculture and smelting metals ⚫ People have live in the complex political, economic and social structure, under religious and law abiding ⚫ People have developed a method of writing in all meanings of the word
lI Why Study Ancient World Cultures? 1. a part of a tradition of intellectual development 2. To Open Our mind We must always guard against the assumption that other people think as we do--or that they should. Reading about ancient cultures is thus reading about other people whose lives were surely different from our own. These differences may help us better to see --and know -the limits of our culture and the limits of our language and experlence. a culture includes both the dominant tradition and its transgression
III. Why Study Ancient World Cultures? 1. A part of a tradition of intellectual development 2. To Open Our Mind ⚫ We must always guard against the assumption that other people think as we do -- or that they should. Reading about ancient cultures is thus reading about other people whose lives were surely different from our own. These differences may help us better to see -- and know -- the limits of our culture and the limits of our language and experience. ⚫ A culture includes both the dominant tradition and its transgression
V. Prehistory 1. Time before written records appeared 2. The Stone Age, the Bronze age, and the Iron age 3. The nature and events of prehistory can be reconstructed through archaeology
IV. Prehistory 1. Time before written records appeared 2. The Stone Age, the Bronze Age, and the Iron Age 3. The nature and events of prehistory can be reconstructed through archaeology
V. Stone Age 1 Introduction Definition: Stone as the principal raw material for tools o 2 500 000 million -5000 years ago Distinguish between human and other animals: stone tool-making and tool-using Beginning of the Stone age
V. Stone Age 1. Introduction ⚫ Definition: Stone as the principal raw material for tools ⚫ 2 500 000 million - 5 000 years ago ⚫ Distinguish between human and other animals: stone tool-making and tool-using ⚫ Beginning of the Stone Age