假如CH>10×105mo,水自解离产生的[H3O 可以忽略,即[3O=CHx 假如1.0×109mo<C<10×105mo/,水自 解离产生的[H3O不可以忽略,即[H3O=Cmx+x HO=(C+√C+4K) 250C,Ky=10×10-14 假如C<1.0×109moL,强酸电离产生的田H3O 可以忽略,即[H3O≈10×107mo
假如 CHX > 1.0 × 10-5 mol/L，水自解离产生的[H3O+] 可以忽略，即[H3O+]=CHX 假如 1.0 × 10-9 mol/L < CHX < 1.0 × 10-5 mol/L，水自 解离产生的[H3O+]不可以忽略，即[H3O+]=CHX + x [H3O+] = 25oC, Kw = 1.0 × 10-14 假如CHX < 1.0 × 10-9 mol/L，强酸电离产生的[H3O+] 可以忽略，即[H3O+] ≈ 1.0 × 10-7 mol/L (C C 4K ) 21 w 2 HX + HX +
★强碱MOH(如:NaOH)的水溶液 MOH(aq)- M(aq)+OH(aq) C C H2O(l)+H2O()r HgO(aq)+ OH(aq) OH-= CmoH +y H30 =y [OH-I=C K MOH MOL H+ⅢH3O MOH LOH [OH-12-CMoHIOH-I -Kw=0 OHl=(Con+√Com+4K)
Ì 强碱MOH（如：NaOH）的水溶液 [OH-] = CMOH + y [H3O+] = y [OH-]=CMOH + y =CMOH + [H3O+]=CMOH + [OH-]2 − CMOH[OH-] − Kw = 0 [OH-]= Kw [OH ]− 2 MOH MOH w 1 (C C 4K ) 2 + +
★强碱MOH(如:NaOH)的水溶液 假如CMoH>1.0×105mo/L,水自解离产生的|OH]可 以忽略,即[OH]=CMom 假如1.0×109mo<CMo<1.0×105mo/L,水自解 离产生的OH]不可以忽略,即[OH=CMom+y OH=(CMom+√C3om+4K) 250C,K=1.0×1014 假如CMoH<1.0×109mo/,强碱电离产生的|OH可 以忽略,即[OH≈1.0×107mo/L
Ì 强碱MOH（如：NaOH）的水溶液 假如 CMOH > 1.0 × 10-5 mol/L，水自解离产生的[OH-]可 以忽略，即[OH-]=CMOH 假如 1.0 × 10-9 mol/L < CMOH < 1.0 × 10-5 mol/L，水自解 离产生的[OH-]不可以忽略，即[OH-]=CMOH + y [OH-] = 25oC, Kw = 1.0 × 10-14 假如CMOH < 1.0 × 10-9 mol/L，强碱电离产生的[OH-]可 以忽略，即[OH-] ≈ 1.0 × 10-7 mol/L (C C 4K ) 21 w 2 MOH + MOH +
Weak acids e The strength of an acid is ranked by the value of the acid dissociation constant, abbreviated Ka e For a general weak acid, HA, (ag) +H2O F H3o*ag)+ A [H3O][A-] [HAI
Weak Acids The strength of an acid is ranked by the value of the acid dissociation constant, abbreviated K a. For a general weak acid, HA, HA(aq) +H 2O ' H 3 O + (aq) + A − (aq) K a = [ HA ] [ H 3 O + ] [ A − ]
Example HE K=68X104 HC2H3O2 Ka=1.8X105 HNO. K=4.5X10 Rank the acids from highest acidity to lowest acidity HF>HNO2>HC2H3o
Example HF Ka = 6.8 x 10-4 HC2H3O2 Ka = 1.8 x 10-5 HNO2 Ka = 4.5 x 10-4 Rank the acids from highest acidity to lowest acidity. HF > HNO2 > HC2H3O2