Chapter1CardiovascularSystem·213.Exterralcarotidacrior thyroid aScalenus mediuVertebral aSuperficial cervical aInferior thyroid a.Thyrocervical trunkSubclavian a.Costocervical trunkSuprascapulara.Intemal thoracic a.Dorsal scapularThoracoacrominalaateral thoracic a.Anteriorhumeracircumflexa.Posteriorhumeral circumflexaFig. II -1-18 The subclavian artery and its branchesmedially behind the carotid sheath to the lower part2)Lateral thoracic artery follows the lateral bor-of the thyroid gland. The other branches run laterallyder of the pectoralis minor and branches to supply theor posteriorly overthe scapula to supplythe scapularpectoralmuscles,theserratusanteriorandthebreastmuscles.3)Subscapular arteryruns downwards along the3) Costocervical trunk arises just lateral to theposterioraxillary wall and divides into the circumflexthyrocervical trunk. It branches to supply the deepscapular artery which passes through the triangularmuscles of the neck and the first two intercostalspace in the posterior axillary wall to the dorsal scap-muscles.ular region and the thoracicodorsal artery that sup-plies the subscapularis and the latissimus dorsi (Fig.II-1-19, 20)3. Arteries of the upper limb4)Anterior and posterior circumflex humeral ar-teries wrap the surgical neck of the humerus to helpAfer passing through the scalenefissure,the sub-supply the shoulder joint and the adjacent muscles.clavian artery crosses over the outer edge of the firstrib and enters the axillary cavity as the axillary artery(2) Brachial arterythatserves the most parts the upper limb (Fig.II-I-19) .The brachial artery is the continuation of the ax-(1) Axillary arteryillary artery. It descends along the medial side of thehumerus deep to the biceps brachial muscle and endsThe axillary artery descends through the centralat the level of the neck of the radius by dividing intopant of axillary cavity and continues into the brachialthe radial and the ulnar arteries, It sends branches toartery at the lower border of the teres major. In itsthe flexor muscles of the arm and the elbow joint.Thecourse, it gives off several chief branches.largest branch of the brachial artery is the deep bra-I) Thoracoacromial artery is a short trunk arisingchial artery which runs inferiorly and laterally withfomtheaxillaryartery abovetheupperboarderofthethe radial nerve along the posterior surface of the hu-pectoralis major.It pierces the clavipectoral fascia andbranchestosupplythe pectoralanddeltoidmusclesmerus and supplies the triceps muscle. A fracture口3扫描全能王创建口
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.214·PARTIⅢIANGIOLOGYThoracoacrominal:Superior thoracic a.Axillary a.Pectoralis minorMusculocutaneousAnterior circumflexLateral thoracic a.humeral a.Median n.Axillaryn..Axillarya.Ulnar n.Subscapularaircumflexscapulara.Thoracodorsal a.Fig.Il-1-19 The axillaryarterySuprascapularDorsal scapular a.Levator scapulaePosterior circumflexhumeral aDeltoidLong head of tricepsbrachitSubscapularaCircumflex scapular aTeresmajoAThoracodorsal a.HumeTeresminorFig. II-1-20 The artery of scapular regiornof the humerus shaft may injure the artery and thethe radius it lies just lateral to the tendon of the fexornerve, leading to severe local hemorrhage and paraly-carpi radialis and is very near the surface, thus providingsis of related muscles (Fig. III-1-21)aconvenient siteto palpate its pulseAlong its way,thradial artery gives off nutrient branches to the lateral(3) Radial and Ulnar arteriespart of the elbow joint, theflexor muscles in theradialpart ofthe forearm and the lateral part of the wrist.The radial artery descends along the medial mar-The ulnar artery runs downwards in the medialgin of the brachioradialis.At the level of styloid ofside of the forearm between the superficial and deep可口扫描全能王创建口
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